458 APPENDIX ATABLE 18
Mathematics Achievement: Average Scale Scores of Students Ages 9, 13, and 17 by Age and Child and Family
Characteristics, Selected Years 1982– 1996Characteristic 1982 1986 1990 1992 1994 1996
Age 9
Total 219 222 230 230 231 231
Gender
Male 2 1 7 2 2 2 2 2 9 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 3
Female 221 222 230 228 230 229
Race and Hispanic origin
White 224 227 235 235 237 237
Black 195 202 208 208 212 212
Hispanica 204 205 214 212 210 215
Age 13
Total 269 269 270 273 274 274
Gender
Male 2 6 9 2 7 0 2 7 1 2 7 4 2 7 6 2 7 6
Female 268 268 270 272 273 272
Race and Hispanic origin
White 274 274 276 279 281 281
Black 240 249 249 250 252 252
Hispanica 252 254 255 259 256 256
Parents’ education
Less than high school 251 252 253 256 255 254
Graduated high school 263 263 263 263 266 267
Some education after high school 275 274 277 278 277 278
Graduated college 282 280 280 283 285 283
Age 17
Total 299 302 305 307 306 307
Gender
Male 3 0 2 3 0 5 3 0 6 3 0 9 3 0 9 3 1 0
Female 296 299 303 305 304 305
Race and Hispanic origin
White 304 308 310 312 312 313
Black 272 279 289 286 286 286
Hispanica 277 283 284 292 291 292
Parents’ education
Less than high school 279 279 285 286 284 281
Graduated high school 293 293 294 298 295 297
Some education after high school 304 305 308 308 305 307
Graduated college 312 314 316 316 318 317
aPersons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.
Note: Data on parents’ level of education are not reliable for 9-year-olds.
The mathematics proficiency scale ranges from 0 to 500:
Level 150: Simple arithmetic facts
Level 200: Beginning skills and understandings
Level 250: Numerical operations and begining problem solving
Level 300: Moderately complex procedures and reasoning
Level 350: Multi-step problem solving and algebra
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1996
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