190 Magdalena Janus
drawing (a picture of oneself). The test is suitable for children
ages 3–7 years.External Validity
The EDI’s external validity was determined through parent inter-
views. Interviewers asked parents questions that corresponded with
the EDI domains, and the parents’ responses were correlated with the
children’s EDI scores. For example, the questions about physical
health were “How would you rate the child’s health?” and “How
would you rate the child’s level of activity?”
Table 2. Summary of EDI Reliability Tests
Internal reliability
of the scales Test–retest Inter-rater Parent–teacher
(Cronbach alpha) reliability reliability correlation
EDI domain (n = 16,704) (n = 112) (n = 53) (n = 82)
Physical health and well-being 0.84 0.82 0.69 0.36
Social competence 0.96 0.92 0.80 0.50
Emotional maturity 0.90 0.89 0.77 0.36
Language and
cognitive development 0.93 0.82 0.72 0.64
Communication skills
and general knowledge 0.94 0.94 0.53 0.41
EDI, Early Development Instrument.
Table 3. Correlation of EDI Scores with Direct Cognitive Measures
Correlation with Correlation with Correlation with
First Step score PPVT score Who Am I? score
EDI domain (n = 68–94) (n = 1,700) (n = 1,700)
Physical health and well-being Motor 0.54 0.05 0.14
Social competence Socioemotional 0.65 0.22 0.38
Emotional maturity Socioemotional 0.73 0.11 0.36
Language and cognitive Cognitive
development 0.58 0.26 0.46
Communication skills and Cognitive
general knowledge 0.52 0.57 0.22
EDI, Early Development Instrument; PPVT, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test.