Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

Table 6–2 BONES OF THE SKULL—IMPORTANT PARTS

Terminology of Bone Markings

Foramen—a hole or opening Meatus—a tunnel-like cavity Condyle—a rounded projection

Fossa—a depression Process—a projection Plate—a flat projection

Crest—a ridge or edge Facet—a flat projection Tubercle—a round projection

Bone Part Description

Frontal

Parietal (2)

Temporal (2)

Occipital

Sphenoid

Ethmoid

Mandible

Maxilla (2)

Nasal (2)

Lacrimal (2)

Zygomatic (2)

Palatine (2)

Vomer

• Frontal sinus


• Coronal suture


• Sagittal suture


• Squamosal suture


• External auditory meatus


• Mastoid process


• Mastoid sinus


• Mandibular fossa


• Zygomatic process


• Foramen magnum


• Condyles


• Lambdoidal suture


• Greater wing


• Sella turcica


• Sphenoid sinus


• Ethmoid sinus


• Crista galli


• Cribriform plate and
  olfactory foramina


• Perpendicular plate


• Conchae (4 are part of
  ethmoid; 2 inferior are
  separate bones)


• Body


• Condyles


• Sockets


• Maxillary sinus


• Palatine process


• Sockets

—

• Lacrimal canal

—

—

—

• Air cavity that opens into nasal cavity


• Joint between frontal and parietal bones


• Joint between the 2 parietal bones


• Joint between temporal and parietal bone


• The tunnel-like ear canal


• Oval projection behind the ear canal


• Air cavity that opens into middle ear


• Oval depression anterior to the ear canal; artic-
  ulates with mandible


• Anterior projection that articulates with the
  zygomatic bone


• Large opening for the spinal cord


• Oval projections on either side of the foramen
  magnum; articulate with the atlas


• Joint between occipital and parietal bones


• Flat, lateral portion between the frontal and
  temporal bones


• Central depression that encloses the pituitary
  gland


• Air cavity that opens into nasal cavity


• Air cavity that opens into nasal cavity


• Superior projection for attachment of
  meninges


• On either side of base of crista galli; olfactory
  nerves pass through foramina


• Upper part of nasal septum


• Shelf-like projections into nasal cavities that
  increase surface area of nasal mucosa


• U-shaped portion with lower teeth


• Oval projections that articulate with the tem-
  poral bones


• Conical depressions that hold roots of lower
  teeth


• Air cavity that opens into nasal cavity


• Projection that forms anterior part of hard
  palate


• Conical depressions that hold roots of upper
  teeth


• Form the bridge of the nose


• Opening for nasolacrimal duct to take tears to
  nasal cavity


• Form point of cheek; articulate with frontal,
  temporal, and maxillae


• Form the posterior part of hard palate


• Lower part of nasal septum

118