Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

The Muscular System 157

Table 7–5 MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER AND ARM

Muscle Function Origin Insertion

Deltoid

Pectoralis major

Latissimus dorsi

Teres major

Triceps brachii

Biceps brachii

Brachioradialis

Abducts the humerus

Flexes and adducts the

humerus

Extends and adducts

the humerus

Extends and adducts

the humerus

Extends the forearm

Flexes the forearm

Flexes the forearm

• scapula and clavicle


• clavicle, sternum, 2nd–6th costal
  cartilages


• last 6 thoracic vertebrae, all lum-
  bar vertebrae, sacrum, iliac crest


• scapula


• humerus and scapula


• scapula


• humerus
  
  
  • humerus
  
  
  • humerus
  
  
  • humerus
  
  
  • humerus
  
  
  • ulna
  
  
  • radius
  
  
  • radius
  
  
  
  

Table 7–6 MUSCLES OF THE HIP AND LEG

Muscle Function Origin Insertion

Iliopsoas

Gluteus maximus

Gluteus medius

Quadriceps femoris group:

Rectus femoris

Vastus lateralis

Vastus medialis

Vastus intermedius

Hamstring group

Biceps femoris

Semimembranosus

Semitendinosus

Adductor group

Sartorius

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Tibialis anterior

Flexes femur

Extends femur

Abducts femur

Flexes femur and extends

lower leg

Extends femur and flexes

lower leg

Adducts femur

Flexes femur and lower leg

Plantar flexes foot

Plantar flexes foot

Dorsiflexes foot

• ilium, lumbar vertebrae


• iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx


• ilium


• ilium and femur


• ischium


• ischium and pubis


• ilium


• femur


• tibia and fibula


• tibia
  
  
  • femur
  
  
  • femur
  
  
  • femur
  
  
  • tibia
  
  
  • tibia and fibula
  
  
  • femur
  
  
  • tibia
  
  
  • calcaneus (Achilles tendon)
  
  
  • calcaneus (Achilles tendon)
  
  
  • metatarsals