Java The Complete Reference, Seventh Edition

the language as a whole. Java was the perfect response to the demands of the then newly emerging, highly distributed computing u ...

Security As you are likely aware, every time you download a “normal” program, you are taking a risk, because the code you are do ...

side effects outside of the system. As you will see, safety is also enhanced by certain restrictions that exist in the Java lang ...

Simple Secure Portable Object-oriented Robust Multithreaded Architecture-neutral Interpreted High performance Distributed Dynam ...

12 Part I: The Java Language To better understand how Java is robust, consider two of the main reasons for program failure: memo ...

Chapter 1: The History and Evolution of Java 13 Dynamic Java programs carry with them substantial amounts of run-time type infor ...

14 Part I: The Java Language Enumerations Enhanced, for-each styleforloop Variable-length arguments (varargs) Static import For ...

2 An Overview of Java 2 An Overview of Java A s in all other computer languages, the elements of Java do not exist in isolation. ...

Abstraction An essential element of object-oriented programming isabstraction.Humans manage complexity through abstraction. For ...

Chapter 2: An Overview of Java 17 this complex encapsulation: by moving the gear-shift lever. You can’t affect the transmission ...

18 Part I: The Java Language Most people naturally view the world as made up of objects that are related to each other in a hier ...

Chapter 2: An Overview of Java 19 Inheritance interacts with encapsulation as well. If a given class encapsulates some attribute ...

20 Part I: The Java Language ofthe situation. Consider a stack (which is a last-in, first-out list). You might have a program th ...

As you can see, it is through the application of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism that the individual parts are tran ...

The reason for this is that Java is case-sensitive. At this point, the convention that filenames correspond to class names may s ...

Java supports three styles of comments. The one shown at the top of the program is called amultiline comment.This type of commen ...

24 Part I: The Java Language still compile your program. However,javawould report an error because it would be unable to find th ...

Chapter 2: An Overview of Java 25 / Here is another short example. Call this file "Example2.java". / class Example2 { public sta ...

process isdescribed in detail later in this book.) This approach can be generalized. Using the+operator, you can join together a ...

Chapter 2: An Overview of Java 27 Here is a program that illustrates theifstatement: /* Demonstrate the if. Call this file "IfSa ...