Sustainable Agriculture and Food: Four volume set (Earthscan Reference Collections)

(Elle) #1
Words and Ideas: Commitment, Continuity and Irreversibility 165

ever. In Hyderabad a vigorous Society to Save Rocks has done great work; but to my knowledge
there is no equivalent in Delhi, or, indeed, in any other city in the world.
26 For a discussion of substitutability and well-being, see Alcamo et al (2003, pp79–81).
27 I was lucky to be involved both in drafting the chapter on human well-being and in plenary dis-
cussions across the whole range of subjects. This was one of the most stimulating and mind-
opening experiences of my life.
28 I will be grateful to anyone who can contradict or qualify the assertion that irreversibility remains
underdeveloped as a concept.
29 Caution is needed here in distinguishing cases. Some groundwater can be renewed in an almost
linear manner. However, restoration to a former condition implies a reversibility that is not char-
acteristic of ecological systems. Depletion, as through overfishing, may take an ecosystem below a
threshold of resilience, so that ‘recovery’ is very slow or follows a pathway to a different species
composition and community structure. In Newfoundland fishery, the failure of cod to recover
quickly is an illustration of this (David Schoeman, pers. comm.).
30 The Cinderella analogy works as a metaphor for exclusion by those with power and influence. Her
ugly sisters did this to Cinderella. Ugly in this sense myself, I was responsible for excluding ‘con-
tinuity of staff in their posts’ from the prescriptions of an IDS (Institute of Development Studies)
policy briefing paper on power, procedures and relationships (Chambers et al, 2001), as I recollect
murmuring that continuity was ‘old hat’.


References

Akumu, W. (2002) ‘Farmers want a more efficient irrigation board’, The Nation (Nairobi), 13 Decem-
ber, drawing upon a report of the Kenya Institute of Public Policy Analysis and Research
Alcamo, J. et al (2003) Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing: A Framework for Assessment, Report of the
Conceptual Framework Working Group of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Island Press, Wash-
ington DC, and Covelo, London
Apthorpe, R. (1966) ‘A survey of land settlement schemes and rural development in East Africa’, East
African Institute of Social Research Conference Papers, January, no 352
Bagadion, B. and F. Korten (eds) (1989) Transforming a Bureaucracy: The Experience of the Philippine
National Irrigation Administration, Kumarian Press, West Hartford, CT
Begg, D., S. Fischer and R. Dornbusch (2003) Economics, seventh edition, McGraw-Hill, London
bint Talal, B. (2003) Rethinking an NGO: Development, Donors and Civil Society in Jordan, I.B. Taurus,
London, New York
Brown, L. D. and J. Fox (2001) ‘Transnational civil society coalitions and the World Bank: Lessons
from project and policy influence campaigns’ in Edwards and Gaventa (eds) Global Citizen Action,
Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder, CO, pp43–58
Cernea, M. (1997) ‘The risks and reconstruction model for resettling displaced populations’, World
Development, vol 25(10), pp1569–1587
Cernea, M. (ed) (1999) The Economics of Involuntary Resettlement: Questions and Challenges, The World
Bank, Washington DC
Chambers, R. (1969) Settlement Schemes in Tropical Africa: A Study of Organizations and Development,
Routledge and Kegan Paul, London
Chambers, R. (ed) (1970) The Volta Resettlement Experience, Pall Mall Press, London
Chambers, R. and G. Conway (1992) Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Practical Concepts for the 21st
Century, IDS Discussion Paper 296, IDS Sussex, UK
Chambers, R. and J. Moris (eds) (1973) Mwea: An Irrigated Rice Settlement in Kenya, Weltforum Ver-
lag, Munchen

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