Who Will Feed China? 201Notes
Overview: The Wake-up Call
1 US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (ERS), ‘Production, Supply,
and Demand View’ (electronic database), Washington DC, November 1994.
2 Ibid.
3 Figure 8.1 from ibid., with 1950–1959 figures from USDA, ERS, ‘World Grain Database’
(unpublished printout), Washington DC, April 1989.
4 USDA, op. cit. note 1; USDA, op. cit. note 3; US Bureau of the Census, as published in Francis
Urban and Ray Nightingale, World Population by Country and Region, 1950–90 and Projections to
2050 (Washington DC: USDA, ERS, 1993).
5 Patrick E. Tyler, ‘China Planning People’s Car to Put Masses Behind Wheel’, New York Times,
22 September 1994; Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn, China Wakes (New York: Ran-
dom House, 1994).
6 USDA, op. cit. note 1, with updates from USDA, ERS, ‘World Agriculture Production’, Wash-
ington DC, March 1995.
7 Irrigated area from USDA, ERS, ‘China Situation and Outlook Series’, Washington DC, July
1993, and from UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Production Yearbooks (Rome:
various years); Professor Xu Zhifang, President, Chinese National Committee on Irrigation and
Drainage, speech for the World Water Council-Interim Founding Committee, Montreal Canada,
31 March 1995.
8 Figure 8.2 from USDA, op. cit. note 1, and from USDA, op. cit. note 3.
9 Figure 8.3 from USDA, op. cit. note 1, from USDA, op. cit. note 3, and from Bureau of the
Census, op. cit. note 4.
10 Per capita figures from USDA, op. cit. note 1, and Bureau of the Census, op. cit. note 4.
11 Bureau of the Census, op. cit. note 4; population of Beijing from United Nations, Estimates and
Projections of Urban, Rural, and City Populations 1950–2025: The 1982 Assessment (New York:
1985).
12 Kristof and WuDunn, op. cit. note 5; International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook
October 1994 (Washington DC: 1994).
13 Bureau of the Census, op. cit. note 4.
14 FAO, Food Balance Sheet 1988 (Rome: 1989).
15 USDA, op. cit. note 1; Bureau of the Census, op. cit. note 4.
16 Sheila Tefft, ‘A Shrinking Rice Bowl in China: Rising Food Prices Spur Unease’, Christian Science
Monitor, 19 January 1995; Gao Anming, ‘Experts Note Reasons for Hikes in Grain Prices’, China
Daily, 6 January 1995; Martin Wolf, ‘Zooming in on the Threat of Inflation’, Financial Times,
7 November 1994; ‘China to Buy More Wheat, Corn From US, Traders Say’, Journal of Com-
merce, 19 January 1995; ‘China Restricts Trading in Shanghai Rice Futures’, Journal of Commerce,
26 October 1994; Joseph Kahn, ‘China Fails to Curb Its Runaway Growth’, Wall Street Journal,
3 January 1995.
17 World Bank, China: Strategies for Reducing Poverty in the 1990s (Washington DC: 1992).
18 Peter Hannam, ‘China Seen Facing Choice: Inflation or Unemployment’, Journal of Commerce,
27 September 1994.
19 USDA, ‘Grain: World Markets and Trade’, Washington DC, various issues.
20 Population Reference Bureau, 1994 World Population Data Sheet (Washington DC: 1994).