Sustainable Agriculture and Food: Four volume set (Earthscan Reference Collections)

Table 20.2

(continued)

Meadows et al (1972)

Mesarovic and Pestel (1974)

Kahn, Brown and Martel (1976)

Goldsmith et al (1972)

LAWM

a^

Herrera et al (1976)

Leontief, Carter and Petri (1977)

USCEQ

b^

(1980)

Clark and Munn (1986)

Brown(1981)

Lifestyle

Art and leisure; leisure time essential for higher pursuits

Standard of living, not just material; less materialism; conservation ethic; social, moral, organiza-tional, scientific growth

Useless work; hedonism; gaming, art, education, ritual, social interaction; secular with romantic, mystic counter-reac-tion

Personalized; intimate; self-reliance; pleasure of community; non-material-istic; reinte-grated work/home

Not based on consumerism; rich to reduce consumption

Lower Northern consumption; higher Southern consumption

Not addressed

Not addressed

Non-materialistic; simple, frugal; personal/social develop-ment; integrate home/work; telecommut-ing and bicycles; rich/poor conver-gence

Spatial linkages

Not discussed

Diverse regions; inter-regional cooperation; diversity key to survival, and to moral strength

Homogeneity – ‘they’ become like ‘us’; modern-ism; links impersonal, business-like; urban/suburban globe; huge economic scale

Decentralized but linked; small scale; diverse rural/urban mix; material self-sufficiency

Autarchy; North–South intercon-nected; economic complementa-rity

15 political/economic regions; regional interaction; international trade

Food, energy imports; use distant resources; unaware of environmen-tal impacts

Region-to-globe links; global noosphere

Reversed global interdepen-dencies; local self-reliance; population rural and dispersed; decentral-ized