- Other  grains,     like    rice    flour   or  cornstarch  or  corn
 flour, can have varying effects. Rice flour and cornstarch
 can be used to dilute the protein concentration of pure
 wheat flour, giving the batter a lighter structure (you still
 need at least bit of protein, or it won’t have any structure
 at all). Corn flour has larger grains than wheat flour, which
 add the crunch you get in a hush puppy or good corn dog.
The  first   order   of  business    with    any     batter  is  to  get     the
consistency right.  Too thick,  and it  comes   out bready; too
thin,    and     it  doesn’t     offer   enough  protection.     It’s    also
essential    to  balance     leavening   power   and     gluten
development.    Too little  leavening,  and you get a   hard,   tough
shell;   too     much,   and     your    batter  will    overinflate     and     strip
itself  off your    food.
Rather  than    using   straight-up flour   for my  batter, I   use a
combo   of  flour   and cornstarch, which   reduces the amount  of
gluten  formed—the  protein network that    can cause   a   batter
to   become  leathery    and     tough.  Gluten  formation   is  also
increased   with    excessive   stirring,   so  mixing  the batter  with    a
whisk    or  a   pair    of  chopsticks  just    until   it  barely  comes
together     is  the     way     to  go.     A   few     spots   of  raw     flour   are
perfectly   fine.
There   are a   couple  reasons to  use beer.   First   off,    sugars
present  in  the     beer    will    increase    the     brownability    of  the
batter. The bubbles are also    essential—they  create  the tiny,
tiny    pockets inside  a   good    batter  that    add to  our perception
of   crunchiness;    it’s    really  just    a   little  boost   for     the     baking
powder, which   performs    a   similar function.
There’s  another     element     in  there   that’s  helping     to  keep
