1
Petsamo
Murmansk
SWEDEN Archangel
ESTONIA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
GERMANY
ROMANIA
BULGARIA
HUNGARY
EAST
PRUSSIA
FINLAND
SOVIET UNION
Petrozavodsk
Helsinki
Tallinn
Riga
Leningrad
Tikhvin
Gorky
Kuibyshev
Novgorod
Kalinin
Vitebsk
Smolensk
Tula
Orel
Kursk
Kharkov
Stalingrad
Ordzonikidze
Kiev
Soviet frontier June 1941
German penetration December 1941
German offensives 1941
German offensives 1942
German penetration October 1942
Odessa
Sevastopol Novorossijsk
Lvov
Moscow
Voronezh
Rostov
R.Volg
a
Minsk
Warsaw
Occupied
POLAND
Occupied
YUGOSLAVIA
SLOV
AKIA
R.
Da
nu
be
Batum
CAUCA
SU
BLACK SEA S
0 500 miles
0 500 km
The German invasion of Russia, 1941–2
