Bonaparte; a Biography ofJoseph, Napoleon's Elder Brother (NY 1968); M.
Ross, The Reluctant King: Joseph Bonaparte, King of the Two Sicilies and
Spain (1976); B. Nabonne, Le Roi Philosophe (1949), Paul. Marmottan,
Joseph Bonaparte a Mortefontaine (Paris 1929); F. Rocquain, Napoleon I et
le Roi Louis (Paris 1875); Labarre de Raillecourt, Louis Bonaparte (Paris
1963); Hubert Cole, The Betrayers; Joachim and Caroline Murat (1972);
Jean Tulard, Murat (Paris 1985); Marcel Dupont, Murat, cavalier,
marechal de France, prince et roi (Paris 198o); J.P. Garnier, Murat, roi de
Naples (Paris, 1959).
The principal source for the anecdotes illustrating Napoleon's
personality is the memoir literature. See especially the splendid 'dual
memoir', incorporating both Constant's and Meneval's accounts, pub
lished as Proctor Paterson Jones, ed. Napoleon: An Intimate Account of the
Years of Supremacy 18 oo-181 4 (San Francisco 1992). Frederic Masson,
Napoleon chez lui (Paris 1911) is the classic summary. More probing and
psychological accounts of Napoleon's personality are to be found in Jean
Raymond Frugier, Napoleon, essai medico-psychologique (Paris 1985) and
Frank Richardson, Napoleon: Bisexual Emperor (1977). Since many of
Napoleon's psychological quirks are held by some to be explicable in
purely organic terms, reference should be made to his medical history
and the career of his doctor Jean Corvisart. So: P. Hillemand, Pathologie
de Napoleon (Paris 1970); J. Kemble, Napoleon Immortal (1959); J.
Bourguignon, Corvisart (Lyons 1937); P. Ganiere, Corvisart (Paris 1951).
For Napoleon's superstitions see G. Mauguin, Napoleon et la
Superstition (Rodez 1946). For the 'Red Man' see Sir Walter Scott,
Napoleon (1827) and Paul's Letters to his kinsfolk (1816). On the question
of his 'Italian' nature see Jones to Freud, 30 October 1912 in R. Andrew
Paskauskas, ed. The Complete Correspondence of Sigmund Freud and Ernest
Jones 19 08-1939 (Harvard 1993). For the views of Thiers and Qu inet on
the essential Italian formation of Napoleon see Adolphe Thiers, Histoire
du Consulat et de !'Empire (Paris 1862) and Edgar Qu inet, La Revolution
(Paris 1965).
CHAPTER FOURTEENThe best study of the d'Enghien affair is by Maurice Shumann, Qui a tue
le due d'Enghien? (Paris 1984). Yet many excellent books have been
written on the subject: Jean-Paul Bertaud, Bonaparte et le due d'Enghien
(Paris 1972); Marco de Saint-Hilaire, ed. Poniatowski, Cadoudal, Moreau
et Pichegru (Paris 1977) and J.F. Chiappe, Cadoudal et la Liberte (Paris
1971). But there are so many angles to this cause celebre that the books can