Napoleon: A Biography

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Malino, The Sephardic Jews of Bordeaux; Assimilation and Emancipation in
Revolutionary and Napoleonic France (Birmingham, Ala. I978).
For the visual arts under Napoleon there is Timothy Wilson-Smith,
Napoleon and his Artists (I996); Albert Boime, Art in an age of Bonapartism
18oo-1815 (Chicago I987); J.J. Draper, The Arts under Napoleon (NY
I 969 ); Colombe Samoyault-v erlet, Les arts a l'epoque napoleonienne (Paris
I969). On the individual painters see H. Lemmonier, Gros (Paris I904);
K. Berger, Gericault et son oeuvre (Paris I968) Anita Brookner, David
(I98o); Antoine Schnapper and Arlette Serullaz, Jacques-Louis David
(Paris I989); Etienne Delecluze, Louis David, son ecole et son temps (Paris
I857); Robert Herbert, David, Voltaire, Brutus and the French Revolution
(NY I972); Warren Roberts, David and the Revolution (Chapel Hill, N.
C. I989). On literature the two most informative works are J.
Charpentier, Napoleon et les hommes de lettres (Paris I935) and Alice
Killen, Le Roman terrifiant (Paris I967).
For the Empire style in general and, more broadly, the role of Paris in
diffusing a homogeneous imperial culture the following should be
consulted: Louis Bergeron, France under Napoleon (Princeton I98I);
M.L. Biver, Le Paris de Napoleon; Emile Bourgeois, Le style empire (Paris
I93o); G. Janneau, L'Empire (Paris I965); P. Francastel, Le style empire
(Paris I939); Madeleine Deschamps, Empire (I994); Alvar Gonzalez­
Palacios, The French Empire Style (I970); Maurice Guerrini, Napoleon
and Paris (I970); Le Bourhis, ed. Katell, Costume in the Age of Napoleon
(NY I990); Aileen Ribeiro, The Art of Dress: fashion in England and
France, 1750-1820 (I995); Michel Delon and Daniel Baruch, Paris lejour,
Paris Ia nuit (Paris I990). This might also be the place to mention two
stimulating but marginal contributions: R. Hodges, The Eagle and the
Spade: the Archaeology of Rome during the Napoleonic Era, 18og--181 4
(Cambridge I992) and J.K. Burton, Napoleon and Clio: Historical Writing,
Teaching and Thinking during the First Empire (Durham, NC I979).
For conscription as the major source of discontent in the empire see
the articles by G. Vallee, 'Population et Conscription de I798 a I8I4',
Revue de l'Institut Napoleon (I958) pp.I52-59, 2I2-24 and ibid. (I959)
pp.I7-23 and the various regional studies, as for example, R. Legrand, Le
Recrutement et les Desertions en Picardie (Paris I957) and G. Vallee, La
Conscription dans le departement de Ia Charente, 17 98-1807 (Paris I973).
Sources in English include A. Forrest, Conscripts and Deserters: the Army
and French Society during the Revolution and Empire (Oxford I989); G.
Lewis and C. Lucas, eds, Beyond the Terror: Essays in French Regional and
Social History, 17 94-1815 (Cambridge I983); I. Woloch, 'Napoleonic
Conscription: state power and civil society', Past and Present III (I986)

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