E
(2; PHR; PH2); Inflammation (1; PH2); Itch (1; BGB); Myalgia (f; PHR; PH2; PIP); Nausea (f;
BGB; DEM; LAF); Nephrosis (f; DEM); Neuralgia (f; PHR; PH2; PIP); Pain (2; BGB; DEM;
PHR; PH2); Pharyngosis (2; PHR; PH2); Pneumonia (f; DEM); Poison Ivy (1; BGB); Respirosis
(2; KOM; PH2; PIP); Rheumatism (f; DEM); Sore Throat (1; FAD); Stomatosis (2; PHR; PH2);
Sunburn (f; BGB); Swelling (f; DEM); Toothache (f; PH2).
Dosages (European Corn Mint) — 2–8 drops EO/day (KOM; PH2; PIP); 1–2 drops rubbed on
head for headache (PH2); 10–12 drops EO applied to compress over heart 10–15 minutes (PH2);
2 drops EO added to water or tea and drunk (PH2).
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (European Corn Mint) — Not covered
(AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Contraindicated in
biliary calculi, cholecocystosis, hepatosis, and occlusion of bile ducts. No drug-drug interactions
or side effects noted (KOM; PIP). Use only in consultation with a physician (KOM). Do not
place mint oils on the face of infants (KOM). Sensitive persons may experience gastric distress
(KOM). Although Commission E approves it for gallbladder disorders, it is contraindicated for
inflammation of the gallbladder. “Volatile oils containing menthol can worsen the spasms of
bronchial asthma” (PH2).
EUROPEAN ELDER (Sambucus nigra L.) +++Synonyms — S. nigra f. alba (Weston) Rehder, f. aurea (Sweet) Schwer., f. lanciniata (L.) Zabel,
and f. pendula Dippel.
Activities (European Elder) — Alterative (f; PNC); Analgesic (f; MAD); Antiinflammatory (1;
APA; BGB; PNC; SKY); Antipyretic (f; MAD); Antiviral (1; AKT; BGB; SHT; WAM); Broncho-
stimulant (2; BGB; KOM; PH2; PIP); Carminative (f; FAD); Depurative (f; EFS; SKJ); Diaphoretic
(2; APA; BGB; EFS; PIP; WAM); Diuretic (1; APA; BGB; PNC; PH2); Emetic (f; EFS; FAD;
SKJ); Emollient (f; MAD); Expectorant (1; APA; EFS; SHT); Lactagogue (f; PHR; PH2); Laxative
(1; APA; EFS); Mucolytic (1; SHT); Phagocytotic (1; HH2); Secretagogue (2; KOM; PH2);
Stimulant (f; APA); Stomachic (f; EFS).
Indications (European Elder) — Arthrosis (f; APA; MAD); Asthma (f; SKJ); Boil (f; FAD);
Bronchosis (2; MAD; PHR; PH2); Bruise (f; FAD); Burn (f; CEB); Cancer (f; CEB); Cancer,
breast (f; JLH); Cancer, liver (f; JLH); Cancer, prepuce (f; JLH); Cancer, skin (f; JLH); Cancer,
spleen (f; JLH); Cancer, stomach (f; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; JLH); Catarrh (1; BGB; MAD;
SHT); Chill (f; APA); Cold (2; APA; KOM; PH2; PNC; WAM); Condyloma (f; JLH); Constipation
(1; APA; EFS; HH2); Cough (2; PHR; PH2); Cramp (f; MAD); Dermatosis (f; CEB; JLH);
Dropsy (f; MAD); Dyslactea (f; HH2); Dyspnea (1; HH2; PHR; PH2); Eczema (f; FAD); Edema
(f; JLH; MAD; PHR); Epilepsy (f; FEL; MAD); Erysipelas (f; CEB); Exanthema (f; MAD);
Fever (2; APA; BGB; EFS; MAD; PHR; PH2; PIP; WAM); Flu (1; AKT; APA; BGB; PH2; PNC;
WAM); Gas (f; FAD); Gastrosis (f; JLH); Gout (f; SKJ); Headache (f; FAD); Head Cold (1;
PHR; PH2); Hepatosis (f; JLH; MAD); Herpes (1; SKY); Hoarseness (f; MAD); Induration (f;
JLH); Inflammation (1; AKT; APA; BGB; PHR; PH2; PNC; SKY); Influenza (1; SHT); Ischiosis
(f; MAD); Laryngosis (f; MAD; PHR; PH2); Myalgia (f; MAD); Neuralgia (f; MAD; SKJ);
Neurosis (f; HH2); Nightmare (f; MAD); Nipple (f; CEB); Obesity (f; APA; CEB); Otosis (f;
MAD); Pain (f; FAD; MAD); Pneumonia (f; MAD); Pulmonosis (f; MAD); Respirosis (1; AKT;
PH2); Rheumatism (f; APA; MAD; SKJ); Scabies (f; MAD); Scarlet Fever (f; MAD); Sclerosis
(f; JLH); Scrofula (f; MAD); Sinusosis (1; AKT; SHT); Sore (f; FAD); Sore Throat (1; AKT;
CEB; SKY); Splenosis (f; JLH; MAD); Stomatosis (f; CEB); Swelling (f; FAD; PH2); Toothache
(f; MAD); Uterosis (f; JLH); Virus (1; AKT; BGB; SHT; WAM); Wart (f; JLH); Water Retention
(1; APA; BGB; MAD; PNC; PH2); Wen (f; JLH); Worm (f; CEB).