L
DEM); Depurative (f; DEM); Diaphoretic (f; CRC; DEM; FEL); Diuretic (1; CRC; FAD; PHR;
PH2); Emmenagogue (1; APA; CRC; EFS; FEL; PHR; PH2); Expectorant (f; CRC); Hemostat
(f; APA); Hepatotoxic (1; APA; PH2); Litholytic (f; CRC); Pectoral (f; CRC; EFS; FEL; PNC);
Stimulant (f; CRC); Tonic (f; CRC; EFS); Uterotonic (f; CRC; PNC); Vulnerary (f; APA; CRC;
EFS).
Indications (Life-Root) — Albuminuria (f; FEL); Amenorrhea (f; FEL; PNC); Anemia (f; PHR);
Atony (f; FEL); Bleeding (f; APA; CRC; PHR; PH2); Bronchosis (f; FAD); Childbirth (f; APA;
CRC); Chlorosis (f; FEL); Circulation (f; CRC); Colic (f; APA); Constipation (f; CRC); Diarrhea
(f; CRC); Dysentery (f; FAD; FEL); Dysmenorrhea (f; APA; CRC; FAD; FEL); Dyspepsia (f;
FEL); Dysuria (f; CRC; FAD; FEL); Fever (f; CRC; DEM; FEL); Fracture (f; DEM); Gravel (f;
CRC); Heart (f; DEM); Hematuria (f; FEL); Hemoptysis (f; FEL); Hepatosis (f; FEL); Hysteria
(f; FEL); Infertility (f; FEL); Leukorrhea (f; CRC; FAD; FEL); Menopause (f; PH2; PNC);
Menorrhagia (f; FEL); Nephrosis (f; CRC; DEM); Neurosis (f; CRC; HH2); Orchosis (f; FEL);
Pain (f; CRC); Parturition (f; FAD); Pulmonosis (f; FEL); Sterility (f; FEL); Stone (f; CRC);
Tenesmus (f; FEL); Uterosis (f; CRC; FEL); Vaginosis (f; FEL); Water Retention (1; CRC; FAD;
PHR; PH2); Worm (f; APA).
Dosages (Life-Root) — Do not take it (APA); 1–4 g herb 3 ×/day (HH2); 2–4 g dry herb or
root (APA; PNC); 2–4 ml herb and/or root liquid extract (APA; PNC); 4 g herb and/or root liquid
extract 3–4 ×/day (HHB; PHR); 4 fluid oz herb and/or root decoction 3–4 ×/day (FEL); 14 g
(sic, may be a typo) herb, or in tea, 3 ×/day (CAN); 14 ml liquid herb extract (1:1 in 25%
ethanol) 3 ×/day (CAN).
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Life-Root) — Not covered (AHP). Contains
toxic PAs (FAD). Should not be taken internally (PHR; PH2). Contains PAs in considerable amounts
and varieties, which can be genotoxic, carcinogenic, hepatotoxic (CAN), and mutagenic. Animal
studies document placental transfer and secretion into breast milk of unsaturated PAs (CAN). Due
to PAs, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. “Liferoot should not be ingested” (CAN).
Use of Senecio species can result in potentially fatal hepatic veno-occlusive disease in man, with
symptoms of abdominal pain and vomiting with ascites. PAs are toxic to man, with liver damage
with cirrhosis and ascites, or seneciosis, or VOD reported in almost all cases of severe or fatal
intoxications, from intakes of 0.5–3.3 mg/kg (AEH).