March 2015.
117 Long before fractals, Beethoven: Beethoven wrote the resonance sentences in a letter
to Therese Malfatti, his student and love interest, after completing Symphony No. 6
in F Major, titled Pastoral, 1808, cited here: http://world
historyproject.org/1808/beethoven-finishes-his-sixth-symphony, accessed March
2015.
119 “we will suffer physical and psychological costs”: Peter H. Kahn, Rachel L.
Severson, and Jolina H. Ruckert. “The Human Relation with Nature and
Technological Nature,” Current Directions in Psychological Science, vol. 18, no. 1
(2009): p. 41.
124 Since red makes us vigilant: We walk down red corridors faster . . . Peter Aspinall,
personal communication, June 2014.
124 “If you want to make”: Humphrey quote from Natalie Angier, “How Do We See
Red? Count the Ways,” New York Times, Feb. 6, 2007, http://www.nytimes
.com/2007/02/06/science/06angi.html, accessed April 2015.
124 But pink, interestingly, has the opposite effect: For more on the psychology of color,
see Adam Alter’s aptly named Drunk Tank Pink (New York: Penguin Group, 2013).
124 Berger writes in The Sense of Sight: The John Berger quote comes from Diane
Ackerman’s A Natural History of the Senses (New York: Random House, 1990), p.
177.
124 In the app, straight and jagged lines: A fuller description of the visual properties that
trigger restoration can be found in D. Valtchanov and C. Ellard, “Cognitive and
Affective Responses to Natural Scenes: Effects of Low Level Visual Properties on
Preference, Cognitive Load and Eye-Movements,” Journal of Environmental
Psychology, vol. 43 (2015): pp. 184–95.
125 the same region Taylor found stimulated: The other studies implicating the ventral
striatum and parahippocampus using fMRI include Xiaomin Yue et al., “The Neural
Basis of Scene Preferences,” Neuroreport, vol. 18, no. 6 (2007): pp. 525–29.
125 craving the “visual opium” of a sunset: Ackerman, p. 255.
125 According to Valtchanov: For more on Valtchanov’s visuospatial theory, see Deltcho
Valtchanov, “Exploring the Restorative Effects of Nature: Testing a Proposed
Visuospatial Theory,” diss., University of Waterloo, 2013.
CHAPTER 6: YOU MAY SQUAT DOWN AND FEEL A PLANT131 “The faint whisper”: Jansson quote from Moominvalley in November (New York:
Macmillan, 2014), p. 26, first published in English in 1945.
138 They get five-week vacations: Rebecca Ray, Milla Sanes, and John Schmitt, “No-
Vacation Nation Revisited” (Center for Economic and Policy Research, 2013), p. 5,
accessible at http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/no-vacation-update-2013-
05.pdf, accessed June 2015;and “Annual Holiday” (Ministry of Employment and the
Economy, February 11, 2010), accessible at