JUSTICE SOCIETY OF AMERICA 339
appeared would be hyped on their adventure) and then team up at the end of the story
to fi nally stop the bad guys.
Th ere were several changes in the line-up early on with Flash, Green Lantern, and
Hourman leaving and Johnny Th under, Dr. Mid-Nite, and Starman soon replacing
them. Wonder Woman also became part of the team early on, but, despite being more
powerful than many on the team, acted only as their secretary for some time. Following
America’s entry into World War II, the team wanted to fi ght overseas but mystical arti-
facts owned by the Axis powers prevented their most powerful members from doing so.
Several members joined the military in their civilian identities but were convinced by
FDR to remain on the homefront. Th ey did so, occasionally going by the name “Justice
Battalion,” and worked with the All-Star Squadron, which was made up of all of the
heroes of the time.
Over the next few years, besides fi ghting spies, saboteurs, and Axis Agents on the
homefront, the JSA fought criminals, both regular and those with super-abilities or
gadgets. Members left and returned, while Wildcat and Mr. Terrifi c joined in 1945. Fol-
lowing the war the team had other adventures, including fi ghting the “Injustice Society
of the World” made up of Brain Wave, Vandal Savage, Th e Fiddler, Per Degaton, and
the Gambler, villains who had fought the team or individual members in the past and
would continue to do so in the future. Other versions of the ISW would later appear
with additional members. Th e JSA gained one more member as well in the form of Th e
Black Canary.
What fi nally brought the JSA down was not some supervillain, alien invader, or
foreign power, but the U.S. Government. As revealed in Adventure Comics #466
(published in 1979, but set in 1951), the team was brought in front of the House
Committee on Un-American Activities, asked about a recent adventure, and told
that they must reveal their secret identities to the committee. Th ey refused, vanished
from the hearing, and with the exception of Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman
went into retirement; but this was not the end of the JSA.
In 1963’s Flash #137, the team re-formed to help both their Flash and the Flash of the
alternate world known as Earth-1. Th is soon led to Justice League of America #21 with the
fi rst meeting of the JSA and the JLA of Earth-1. Th ere were several counterparts among
the two teams, with some sharing a name and/or a similar power while others, such as
Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman shared the same secret identities and basic
origin. Th e teams met again every year until 1985 and had several notable adventures,
including encountering heroes and villains from other alternate worlds and one adventure
which brought the 1940s Earth-2 team Th e Seven Soldiers of Victory into the present
day. Over the next few years individual members would appear in various books, usually
teaming up with their Earth-1 counterparts, though occasionally on their own.
In 1976, All-Star Comics was revived, with the numbering continuing where it
left off. Th is 14-issue revival concentrated on the JSA’s Super-Squad, made up of the
grown-up Robin, the Seven Soldiers of Victory member Th e Star-Spangled Kid, and
a new character Power Girl, who was the counterpart of Earth-1’s Supergirl. Another
