Medical Microbiology

ImmuneResponsesandEffectorMechanisms 81

Table2. 6 Continued:TheMostImportantImmunologicalCytokines...

Cytokines/costimula-
tors/chemokines Receptor

Cytokines/cytokinereceptors producedby Functions

IL-1 2 Bcells,
macrophages

Activatesnaturalkiller cells,inducesdifferentia- tionofCD4+Tcellsinto TH1-likecells,encour- agesIFNcproduction

IL-1 3 IL-13R,cc Tcells Growthanddifferentia-
tionofBcells,inhibits
productionofinflamma-
torycytokinesbymeans
ofmacrophages

IL-1 5 IL-15R,cc Tcells,placenta,
musclecells

IL-2-like,mainly intestinaleffects

GM-CSF(granulocyte
macrophagecolony
stimulatingfactor)

CDw 116 ,bc Macrophages, Tcells

Stimulatesgrowthand differentiationofthe myelomonocyticlineage

LIF(leukemia
inhibitoryfactor)

LIFR,CDw 130 Bonemarrow stroma,fibroblasts

Maintainsembryonal stemcells;likeIL-6,IL-1 1

Interferons(IFN)

IFNc CD1 19 Tcells,natural
killercells

Activationofmacro- phages,enhancesMHC expression,antiviral

IFNa CD1 18 Leukocytes Antiviral,enhancesMHC
classIexpression

IFNb CD1 18 Fibroblasts Antiviral,enhancesMHC
classIexpression

Immunoglobulinsuperfamily

B7. 1 (CD80) CD28
(promoter);
CTLA-4
(inhibitor)

Antigen- presentingcells

CostimulationofTcell responses

B7.2(CD86) CD28;
CTLA-4

Antigen- presentingcells

CostimulationofTcell responses

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