Medical Microbiology

82 2 BasicPrinciplesofImmunology

Table2. 6 Continued:TheMostImportantImmunologicalCytokines...

Cytokines/costimula-

tors/chemokines Receptor

Cytokines/cytokinereceptors

producedby Functions

TNF(tumornecrosisfactor)family

TNFa(cachexin) p55,p75,

CD120a,

CD120b

Macrophages,

naturalkillercells

Localinflammations,

endothelialactivation

TNFb(lymphotoxin,

LT,LTa)

p55,p75,

CD120a,

CD120b

Tcells,Bcells Endothelialactivation,

organizationofsecond-

arylymphoidtissues

LTb Tcells,Bcells Organizationofsecond-

arylymphoidtissues

CD40ligand(CD40-L) CD40 Tcells,mastcells B-cellactivation,class

switching

Fasligand CD95(Fas) Tcells Apoptosis,Ca2+-inde-

pendentcytotoxicity

Chemokines

IL-8(prototype)

CXCL8

CXCR1,

CXCR2

Activatedendo-

thelium,activated

fibroblasts

Attractionofneutro-

phils,degranulationof

neutrophils

MCP-1(monocyte

chemoattractant

protein)

CCL2

CCR2 Activatedendo-

thelium,tissue

macrophages,

synovialcells

Inflammation

MIP-1a(macrophage

inflammatoryprotein)

CCL3

CCR5,CCR1 Tcells,activated

Mf

Proinflammatory

HIVareceptor

MIP-1b

CCL4

CCR5 Tcells,activated

Mf

Proinflammatory

HIVareceptor

RANTES(regulatedon

activation,normal

Tcellexpressedand

secreted)

CCL5

CCR5,CCR1,

CCR3

Tcells,blood

platelets

Inhibitscellularentry

byM-trophicHIV,

proinflammatory

IP-1 0 (interferon

gamma-inducible

protein)

CXCL1 0

CXCR3 Inflamedtissue

duetoeffectsof

IFNc

Proinflammatory

2

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Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme

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