Medical Microbiology

ImmuneResponsesandEffectorMechanisms 83

Table2. 6 Continued:TheMostImportantImmunologicalCytokines...

Cytokines/costimula-
tors/chemokines Receptor

Cytokines/cytokinereceptors producedby Functions

Chemokines

MIG(monokine
inducedbyinterferon
gamma)
CXCL1 1

CXCR3 Inflamedtissue, duetoeffectsof IFNc

Proinflammatory

Eotaxin
CCL22

CCR3 Endothelium, epithelialcells

Buildupofinfiltratein allergicdiseases,e.g., asthma

MDC(macrophage-
derivedchemokine)

CCR4 T-cellzoneDCs, activatedBcells, monocytes

SupportsT-Bcellcolla- borationduringhumoral immuneresponses

Fractalkine
CXCL1

CX 3 CR1 Intestinalepithe- lium,endothelium

Endothelialcellsactiva- tionofthrombocytes

Constitutivechemokines

LARC(liverand
activation-regulated
chemokine)MIP-3a

CCR6 Intestinalepithelia, Peyer’spatches

Participationinmucosal immuneresponses

SLC(secondary
lymphoidorgan
chemokine)

CCR7 Highendothelial lymphnodes, T-cellzone

Facilitatesentryofnaive Tcells,contactbetween TcellsandDCs

TECK(thymus-
expressedchemokine)

CCR9 Thymicand intestinalepithelia

PresumedroleinT-cell selection

SDF-1a(stromal
cell-derivedfactor)

CXCR4 (alsoknown asfusin)

Stromalcellsof bonemarrow

Involvedinhemato- poiesis,inhibitscellular entrybyT-trophicHIV

BCA-1(B-cell
attractant)

CXCR5 FollicularDCs(?) ContactbetweenTH andBcells, andbetweenTHand follicularDCs

Others:

TGFb(transforming
growthfactorb)

Manycells, includingmono- cytesandTcells

Inhibitscellgrowth, inhibitsmacrophages andproductionofIL-1 andTNFa,representsa switchingfactorforIgA

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