Medical Microbiology

532 9 Protozoa

Table9. 6 AntimalarialAgents(aselection)

Chemicalgroup Spectrumofefficacy

anddrug

(P):usedforprophylaxis Asexual

bloodstages

Game-

tocytes

Liver

schizonts

Hypnozoites

ofP.vivax,

P.ovale

Arylaminoalcohls

Quinine + VOM – –

Lumefantrine + VOM – –

Mefloquine(P) + VOM – –

4-Aminoquinolines + VOM – –

Chloroquine(P) + VOM – –

Amodiaquine + VOM – –

8-Aminoquinolines

Primaquine +/– + + +

Naphtoquinones

Atovaquone + VOM + –

Phenanthrenemethanoles

Halofantrine + – – –

Sesquiterpenelactones

Artemisinin + + – –

Artemether + ni ni ni

Artesunates + ni ni ni

Sulfones/Sulfonamides

Dapsone + – F –

Sulfadoxine(P) F – F –

Biguanides

Proguanil(P) +/–? + –

Diaminopyrimidines

Pyrimethamine(P) + – – v

Antibiotics(Tetracyclines)

Doxycycline(P) + – F –

9

Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme