Medical Microbiology

GeneralEpidemiology 33

Table 1. 13 RecommendedChildhoodandAdolescentImmunizationSchedule—

UnitedStates, 2004

1. HepatitisBvaccine(HepB).

InfantsborntoHBs-Ag-positivemothersshouldreceiveHepBand0.5mlHepB

ImmuneGlobulinwithin 12 hofbirthatseparatesites.

2.Diphtheria(D)andtetanus(T)toxoidsandacellularpertussis(aP)vaccine(DTaP).

Theterm“d”referstoareduceddoseofdiphtheriatoxoid.

3.Haemophilusinfluenzaetypebconjugatevaccine(seeTable 1. 12 ).

4.Measles,mumps,andrubellavaccine(MMR).

Attenuatedvirusstrains.

5.Varicellavaccine.

Varicellavaccineisrecommendedforchildrenwholackareliablehistoryof

chickenpox.

6.Pneumococcalvaccine.

Theheptavalentconjugatevaccine(PCV)isrecommendedforallchildrenage

2 – 23 months.Pneumococcalpolysaccharidevaccine(PPV)canbeusedinelder

children.

7. HepatitisAvaccine.

The“killedvirusvaccine”isrecommendedinselectedregionsandforcertain

high-riskgroups.Twodosesshouldbeadministeredatleastsixmonthsapart.

8.Influenzavaccine.

Influenzavaccineisrecommendedannuallyforchildrenwithcertainriskfactors

(forinstanceasthma,cardiacdisease,sicklecelldisease,HIV,diabetesetc.).Chil-

drenaged–<eightyearswhoarereceivinginfluenzavaccineforthefirsttime

shouldreceivetwodosesseparatedatleastfourweeks.

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Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme