Medical Microbiology

Table 1 2. 3 UrogenitalTract

Infection Mostimportant

pathogens

Laboratorydiagnosis

Urethrocystitis

Pyelonephritis

Escherichiacoli

OtherEnterobacteriaceae

Pseudomonasaeruginosa

Enterococci

Staphylococcusaureus

Staphylococcussaprophyticus

(inwomen)

Microscopyandculture;test

midstreamurineforsignificant

bacteriuria(p. 21 0)

Prostatitis Escherichiacoli

OtherEnterobacteriaceae

Pseudomonasaeruginosa

Enterococci

Staphylococcusaureus

Neisseriagonorrhoeae

Chlamydiatrachomatis

Microscopyandculture.

Specimens:prostatesecretion

andurine.Quantitativeurine

bacteriology(p. 21 0)required

forevaluation.Toconfirm

C.trachomatis,antigen

detectionbydirectIForEIAor

cellcultureorPCR.

Nonspecific

urethritis

Chlamydiatrachomatis Microscopy(directIF)or

antigendetectionwithEIA,

orcellcultureorPCR

Mycoplasmahominis

Ureaplasmaurealyticum

Culture(specialmediums)

Urethralsyndrome

(women)

Chlamydiatrachomatis(30%)

Escherichiacoli(30%)

Staphylococcussaprophyticus

(5– 10 %)

Unknownpathogens(20%)

Seeabove:nonspecific

urethritis

Culturefromurine.Bacteriuria

often<– 104 /ml

Microsporosisofthe

genitourinarytract

Encephalitozoonspp. Microscopyofurinesediment,

DNAdetection(PCR)

Nephropathia

epidemica

Hantaviruses/Puumalavirus Serology

Tuberculosisofthe

urinarytract

Mycobacteriumtuberculosis Microscopyandculture

Threeseparatemorningurine

specimens, 30 – 50 mleach

UrogenitalTract 635

12

Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme