Encyclopedia of Islam

K xx Encyclopedia of Islam of the Orfalea Center for Global and International Studies; Scott Marcus, associate professor of eth- ...

xxi Among the world’s religions, few have attained the historical, cultural, and civilizational stature and diversity that Islam ...

K xxii Encyclopedia of Islam began to change in the 1980s as a result of the Islamic revolution in Iran of 1978–79, the Leba- ne ...

Introduction xxiii J Rather than beginning with a single, defini- tive response as to what Islam is, a more fruitful approach is ...

K xxiv Encyclopedia of Islam one God, his angels, his books, his messengers, and the Last Day (Judgment Day), as well as pre- de ...

Introduction xxv J and community identity; 4) a linear view of his- tory from creation to Judgment Day, overlapped by cyclical c ...

K xxvi Encyclopedia of Islam family, beginning with Ali ibn Abi Talib (d. 661). Since the seventh century the Shia have vied wit ...

Introduction xxvii J from the control of non-Muslim governments and influence. In justifying their violent actions, they often m ...

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Introduction xxix J ethnic and national bodies. They may even take pride in tracing their origins to particular regions (like th ...

Cordoba ...

Introduction xxxi J in 630. By the time of his death in 632, many of the Arabian tribes had established alliances with him and c ...

K xxxii Encyclopedia of Islam southern coast around the eighth and ninth centuries. Ismailis from Persia introduced Islam into n ...

Introduction xxxiii J about Islam, one of the world’s most important religions. To meet this challenge, the Encyclopedia of Isla ...

K xxxiv Encyclopedia of Islam format is similar to that of National Geographic, and it is especially well-suited for students an ...

Introduction xxxv J In order to make the Encyclopedia of Islam more accessible to the nonspecialist, no diacriti- cal markings h ...

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fourth–sixth century ¶ Arabia involved in conflicts between Rome/ Byzantium and Persia. sixth–seventh century ¶ Quraysh tribe ri ...

K xxxviii Encyclopedia of Islam 653 ¶ Caliph Uthman authorizes collection and offi- cial establishment of the text of the Quran. ...

Chronology xxxix J 765 ¶ Death of Jaafar al-Sadiq, sixth Shii imam. 767 ¶ Death of Abu Hanifa, Iraqi jurist and eponym of the Ha ...