Encyclopedia of Islam

the MSA Persian-Speaking Group (MSAPSG), which appeals to Shii students with ties to Iran. MSA chapters are encouraged to join t ...

peting Visions of Islam in the United States: A Study of Los Angeles (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1997); Jane Smith, Islam ...

Mutazila after them, it referred to the fact that God has endowed man with a metaphysical and ethical power through his acts suc ...

in the manner in which it spells out the nature of divine transcendence in relation to God’s attri- butes so as to avoid the Scy ...

Right and Forbidding Wrong in Islamic Thought (Cam- bridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000); Josef van Ess, The Flowering of M ...

515 J:AF nabi See prophets and prophethood. nafs See soul and spirit. namaz See prayer. names of God (Arabic: al asma al-husna, ...

K 516 The 99 names of God ...

(“God’s most beautiful names”), composed by the Egyptian musician Sayyid Makkawi (1924–1997). Recitations of God’s names have al ...

materials that figure prominently in a reconstruc- tion of the history of Naqshbandis in the region. Today branches of the Naqsh ...

united Arab country. However, the UAR quickly dissolved in 1961 after just three years. Further, Abd al-Nasir became involved in ...

in China was to unify knowledge as a sacred quest for the truth. Finally the world’s great religions as reflected in holy books, ...

Association (UNIA), the Black Power movement (1966–75), and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Civil Rights movement (1955–68). Howev ...

Elijah Muhammad’s greatest social empha- ses included the need for the community to become socially and economically self-suffic ...

community and converted to Sunni Islam while undertaking the haJJ ritual to Mecca in 1964. After his return he adopted the appro ...

As a final note, the NOI and other parallel groups have often been labeled collectively “Black Muslims.” These include such rela ...

fruits). It is also common to put a book of wis- dom on the haft-sin table. It might be the Quran, the Bible, the Zoroastrian Av ...

tradition it is the anniversary of God’s covenant with Adam and his offspring at the beginning of creation, Abraham’s destructio ...

woolen goods became the first Muslims to settle in Nepal when they were permitted to migrate there during the reign of Ratna Mal ...

of British colonial settlements in the early decades of the 19th century led to conflict with the Maori natives, which was settl ...

to be the heavenly mosque, and then ascends to heaven (miraj literally means “ladder”). During his ascent through the heavens wi ...