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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Computation was performed on the HPC for Research/Clinic
cluster of the Berlin Institute of Health, supported by D. Beule,
M. Holtgrewe, and O. Stolpe. We thank U. Gieraths and
L. Meiners for careful commentary on the manuscript,
T. D. Best for compiling cell culture isolation data, the Charité–
Universitätsmedizin Pa-COVID-19 collaborative study group for
providing additional onset of symptoms data, and S. Kissler for
providing additional details regarding their NBA study. The
conditions allowing the work to be done with no need for consent
are given athttps://gesetze.berlin.de/bsbe/document/jlr-
KHGBE2011V4P25.Funding:Work at Charité–Universitätsmedizin
Institute of Virology is funded by European Commission via project
ReCoVer, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
(Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung) through projects
DZIF (301-4-7-01.703) to C.D.; VARIPath (01KI2021) to V.M.C.;
PROVID (FKZ 01KI20160C) to C.D., V.M.C., and L.E.S.; and
NaFoUniMedCovid19 (NUM)–COVIM (FKZ 01KX2021) to C.D.,
V.M.C., and L.E.S. The Pa-COVID 19 Study is supported by grants
from the Berlin Institute of Health. This study was supported in
part by the German Ministry of Health (Konsiliarlabor für
Coronaviren and SeCoV) to C.D. and V.M.C. T.C.J. is in part
funded through NIAID-NIH CEIRS contract HHSN272201400008C.
Author contributions:T.C.J., G.B., B.M.: bioinformatic processing,
statistical analysis, interpretation of results, writing of original
draft and final text; T.V.: statistical analysis, interpretation of
results, writing of original draft and final text, next-generation
sequencing; J.S., J.B.-S., T.B., J.T., M.L.S.: sample preparation,
virus isolation and culturing, RT-PCR, next-generation sequencing;
L.E.S., F.K.: collection of symptom onset data; P.M., R.S., M.Z.,
J.H., A.K., A.S., A.E.: diagnostic work and collection of raw data;
V.M.C.: diagnostic data collection, viral load calibration, supervision
of laboratory work, interpretation of results; C.D.: project concept,
interpretation of results, writing of original draft and final text.
Competing interests:The authors declare that they have noJoneset al.,Science 373 , eabi5273 (2021) 9 July 2021 12 of 13
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