The Economist - USA (2021-07-17)

(Antfer) #1

42 The Economist July 17th 2021
Middle East & Africa


SouthAfrica

Jacob’s looters


S


hopping centresshould  be  a  symbol
of  South  Africa’s  progress.  Their  core
customers,  as  well  as  their  staff,  are  the
black  middle  class  that  has  grown  since
apartheid  ended.  In  the  past  week,  how­
ever, looters have destroyed malls in cities
such  as  Pretoria,  Durban  and  Johannes­
burg.  Thousands  of  criminals  have  ran­
sacked  shops,  departing  unchallenged
with their booty. 
The mayhem does not end there. Arson­
ists have burnt lorries along the country’s
major  motorway,  forcing  its  closure.  Van­
dals  have  attacked  infrastructure,  includ­
ing  industrial  warehouses  and  more  than
100  telecommunications  towers.  The
country’s largest oil refinery is shut. Riot­
ers have blocked roads used by nurses and
doctors  to  reach  hospitals  dealing  with  a
massive third wave of covid­19. Ambulanc­
es  have  been  attacked.  Vaccination  sites
have  shuttered.  Thousands  of  businesses
have  been  wrecked;  many  will  never
reopen. Food, petrol and medicines are in
short  supply  in  the  province  of  KwaZulu­
Natal  (kzn)  and  parts  of  Gauteng,  which
contains  Johannesburg.  At  least  72  people

have  been  killed  and  more  than  1,234  ar­
rested. The worst violence since the dawn
of  democracy  in  1994  not  only  threatens
the  presidency  of  Cyril  Ramaphosa  but
shows  how  his  enemies  can  exploit  the
weakness of the post­apartheid state. 
In  South  Africa  there  are  plenty  of
sources  of  discontent.  The  official  unem­
ployment  rate  is  the  highest  in  the  world,
according  to  the  World  Bank.  Gaping  in­
equality  means  a  minority  enjoys  a  rich­
world standard of living while most people
struggle to get by. Parts of the country regu­
larly go without power and water. The po­
lice are a blend of incompetence and cruel­
ty.  The  pandemic  has  made  life  harder  in
every  way.  And  when  corruption  is  ram­
pant,  some  ask,  what  is  raiding  a  super­

market  compared  with  looting  a  state  air­
line or the national energy company?
But the riots are not random. They have
been  urged  on  by  supporters  of  Jacob  Zu­
ma, the former president whose faction of
the ruling African National Congress (anc)
wants  to  topple  Mr  Ramaphosa.  On  June
29th  the  Constitutional  Court  sentenced
Mr Zuma to 15 months behind bars for re­
fusing to appear before a judge­led inquiry
into  corruption  during  his  time  in  office
from 2009­18. Just before midnight on July
7th, as the highest court’s deadline for the
police to arrest him approached, Mr Zuma
was taken into custody. His allies, includ­
ing  family  members,  then  spread  mis­
information  about  the  basis  for  his  arrest
and  encouraged  unrest.  His  foundation
called  it  the  “righteous  anger  of  the  peo­
ple...which others have characterised as vi­
olence”, in response to the “violent provo­
cation” of his sentencing.
Some Zuma supporters may have done
more  than  applaud  the  destruction.  In  a
veiled  reference  to  the  Zulu  nationalists
who  make  up  Mr  Zuma’s  base,  Mr  Rama­
phosa  said on  July  12th  that  “there  may
have been some people who sought to agi­
tate for violence and disorder along ethnic
lines.”  The  next  day,  Ayanda  Dlodlo,  the
State  Security  Minister,  said  the  govern­
ment  was  investigating  whether  former
agents of the domestic spy agency and se­
nior  ancmembers  aligned  with  Mr  Zuma
had  actively  organised  some  of  the  vio­
lence. On July 14th News24, a South African
outlet,  reported  that  the  government  was

J OHANNESBURG
Order must be restored quickly in Africa’s most industrialised country

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