Plant Biotechnology and Genetics: Principles, Techniques and Applications

(Grace) #1

Figure 6.12.The genetic code gives rise to either overlapping or nonoverlapping reading sequences.
A codon consists of three consecutive nucleotides that code for an amino acid. The nucleotides in a
codon may give rise to multiple amino acids depending on the reading frame.


Figure 6.11.Polypeptide structure. The building block of a polypeptide is the peptide bond formed
between amino acids. Peptide bonds connect amino acids to create a polypeptide chain. Proteins are
formed through the association of individual polypeptide chains that may be identical to each other or
unique in sequence.


6.4. TRANSLATION 149
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