Biology Questions and Answers

(Greg DeLong) #1

Biology Questions and Answers


Lipids



  1. What are the main types of
    lipids?


The main types of lipids are triglycerides
(fats and oils), pand steroids. hospholipids, waxes



  1. What is the structural
    formula of glycerol? To which
    organic function do these
    molecules belong?


Glycerol is a lincarbons; the central carbon is bound toear chain of three (^)
one hydroxyl radical and to one
hydrogen and the two otthe extremities are bound to a hher carbons inydroxyl (^)
radical and to two hydrogens. Spatial
sides of the hydroxyls are the same.



  1. How are triglycerides
    made?


Triglyceridthree molecules, fats or oils, ares of fatty acids be made ofound to (^)
one molecule of glycerol. Hydroxyls of
each one of the three fattyeach hydrogen of the hydroxyls acids and of the (^)
glycerol bind to form three molecules of
water that are liberated.



  1. What are phospholipids?
    Phospholipids are molecules made of


glycerol bfatty acids anound to two long molecules od to one phosphate group.f (^)
Therefore, phospholipids are
amphipathic molnon-polar portion, ecules, i.due to the long fattye., they have a
acid chains, and a polar portion, dthe group phosphate. ue to
Phospholiof cell membranes. Sphingomyelin, pids are the main componentthe (^)
substance that forms the myelin sheath
of axons in the nervous system,phospholipid too. is a



  1. What are steroids? What
    are some examples of steroids
    with a biological function?


Steroids are combination olipids bf four carbon ased in an angularrings, three (^)
of them made of six carbons and one
ring made of five carextremity. The union of each ring to thebons in the (^)
adjacent ritwo adjacent carbons bng is made by the sharielonging to bothng of (^)
rings.
Bile salts,hormones estro cholesterol, thgen, progesterone sexual (^) e and
testosteropro-vitamin D ne, the corticosteroids aare examples of steroids.nd the
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