Biology Questions and Answers
cleft. The neurotransmitters then bind
to specific receptors omembrane. (The binding off the postsynaptic
neurotransmitters to their receptors is
reversiblare not consume, i.e., ed after the process.)the neurotransmitters
With the binding of neurotransmitters to
the postsynapticpermeability of the postsynaptic receptors the (^)
membrane is altered and the
depolarization that will leaaction potential of the postsynapticd to the first cell (^)
begins.
- What are some important
neurotransmitters?
The following are some
neurotransmitters:(epinephrine), noradrenaline adrenaline
(norepinephrine), acetylcholine,dopamine, serotonin, histamine, g (^) aba
(gamma aminobutyric acid), glycine,
aspartate, nitric oxide.
- Since neurotransmitters
are not consumed in the
synaptic process, what are the
mechanisms to reduce their
concentrations in the synaptic
cleft after they have been
used?
Since the binding of neurotransmittersto the postsynaptic receptors is
reversible, after these neurochemicals
perform theliminated eir role they must bfrom the synaptic cleft.e (^)
Neurotransmitters can then bind to
specific proteins that carry them back tothe axon they came from in a process
called neurotransmitter re-uptake. They
can also be destroyed enzymes, like acetylcholinby specificesterase, an (^)
enzyme that destroys acetylcholine. Or
they can simply dsynaptic cleft. iffuse out of the
- Fluoxetine is an
antidepressant drug that
presents an action mechanism
related to the synaptic
transmission. What is that
mechanism?
Fluoxetine is a substance that inhibits
the re-uptakneurotransmittere of seroto that acts mainly in nin, a (^) the
central nervous system. By inhibiting
the re-uptakthe drug increase of the neurotransmitteres its availability in the (^)
synaptic cleft thus improving the
neuronal transmission.
- What is the neuromuscular
synapse?
Neuromuscularthrough which th synapse is the neural impulsee structure
passes from the axon of a motor neuron
to the muscle cell. This structurknown as neuromuscular junction, e is alsoor
motor end plate. As in the nervous
synapse, threleases the neurotransmittere axonal terminal m embrane
acetylcholine in the cleft between the
two cells. Acetylcholinreceptors of the muscle membrane,e binds to specific
dependent sodiand the depolarization oum channels thf the muscleen open
membrane begins. The impulse is then
transmitted to the sarcoplasmic
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