Biology Questions and Answers
Vasopressin, or ADH, participates in the
water regulation othe control of the blood pressure since itf the body and thus in (^)
allows the resorption of free water
through the renal tugoes back to the circulation the bules. As waterblood (^)
volume increases.
- What is the difference
between diabetes mellitus and
diabetes insipidus? What are
the characteristic signs of
diabetes insipidus?
Diabetes mby deficient insulin secrellitus is the disease causeetion by the d
pancreas or by impaired capturing of
this hormone by the cells. Diabinsipidus is the disease caused byetes
deficient ADH secretion b(hypophysis) or also by impairedy the pituitary
sensitivity of the kidneys to this
hormone.
In diabetes insipidus the blood lacks
ADH and so tuin the kidneys is reduced and a greatbular resorption of water
volume of urine is produced. The patient
urinates a lot asign also accompanind many times a ded by polydipsiaay, a
(increased thirst and exaggerated
ingestion dehydration.of water) and sometimes by
- Why does the urinary
volume increase when
alcoholic beverages are
ingested?
Alcohol hormone) secretion binhibits the ADH y the hypophysis.(antidiuretic (^)
Low ADH reduces the tubular resorption
of water urinary volin the kidneys aume increases.nd thus the
- Which are the target
organs and target tissues of
the neurohypophysis?
The target outerus and the mammary rgans of oxytocinglands. The are the (^)
target organs of ADH are the kidneys.
- Where in the body is the
thyroid gland located?
The thyroid is located in the anterior
cervical rethe trachea gion (frontal neck), and just below the laryin front ofnx. It (^)
is a bilobateapple. d mass below the Adam’s
- What are the hormones
secreted by the thyroid gland?
What are their functions?
The thyroid thyroxine (T4), triiosecretes thdothyroe hormonesnine (T3) (^)
and calcitonin.
T3 and T4 are iodinatederived from the amino acid tyrosind substances (^) e.
They act to increase thmetabolic rate of the body (cellulare cellular (^)
respiration, metabolism of proteins and
lipids, etc.). Calcitonin irelease of calcium cations by nhibitsthe bones the (^)
thus controlling calcium. the blood level of
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