Biology Questions and Answers
- What is a phenotype?
A phenotype is every observable
characteristicconditioned by its genes. Some of a living being (^)
phenotypes may be altered by
nongenetic factorsartificial hair colorin (for example,g). Specific
phenotypes are traits. also called phenotypical
- What is a genotype? What
is the difference between
genotype and phenotype?
Genotype is the genes, DNA nucleotidesequences contained in the
chromosomes of an individual, that
condition ththen are a biological manifestation oe phenotype. Phenotypesf (^)
genotypes.
For examplchain of sickle cell disease e, the altered hemoglobinand the
manifestation ofthe phenotype. The altered DNA the disease itself are
nucleotidcodifies the sequence in the gene thate production of that abnormal (^)
hemoglobin chain is the genotype.
- Does the environment exert
an influence on the
phenotype?
A phenotype may be altered (compared
to the original situation coits genotype) by nongenetic means.nditioned by
Examples: some hormones may cease
to be secretegenes that determine their secrd due to diseases but theetion
remain intact; a person can go to a
hairdresser and chanhis/her hair; plastic surgery can bge the color oef
performed to alter facial features of an
individual; be worn; a plant can grow beyond itscolored contact lenses may
genetically conditioned size by
application of phytohormones.
Revealing cases of environmental
influence omonozygotic twins that hn phenotypes are observed inave grown in
different places. Generally these twinspresent very features due to the environmental anddistinct phenotypical (^)
cultural dthey lived and to thifferences of the places weir different here
individual experiences in life.
(Biologically programmchanges, like nonpathological chaned phenotypicalges
of the skin color exposure, tanning, or the variation caused by sunlight (^) of
the color of some flowers according to
the pH of the soil cannindependent from the genotype.ot be consid ered
Actually these changes are planned by
the genotype as natural aenvironmental changes.)daptations to
- Are environmental
phenotypical changes
transmitted to the offspring?
Changes causeenvironment are not transmitted to d on phenotypes by thethe (^)
offspring (unless their primary cause isgenotypical change in germ cells or in
gametic cells). If a person changes the
color of the hair or undergoes aesthplastic surgery the resulting features areetic (^)
not transmitted to his/her offspring.
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