Biology Questions and Answers

(Greg DeLong) #1

Biology Questions and Answers


Mendel's Laws



  1. Who was Gregor Mendel?


Mendel is considered the father of
Genetics.botanist born in Austria He was a monk, in 1822 biologist andand
who died in 1884. During the years


1853 to 1863 the gardens of his mohe cultivated pnastery to bea plants ine used (^)
in his research. His econsisted of crossing pxperimentsea plants of (^)
distinct characteristics (size, color of the
seeds, etc.), cataloging tinterpreting them. The experiments lehe results andd (^)
him to enunciate his laws, results
published in 1886 with nrepercussion at that time. Oo scientificnly at th (^) e
beginning of the 20th century, in 1902,
18 years aftbroadly recognized.er his death, were his merits



  1. What in Genetics is
    hybridization?


Hybridization of individuals fin Geneticsrom “pure” an is the crossingd different


lineages in relation to a the crossing of different homozyggiven trait,ous for i.e., (^)
the studied trait.
In Mendel’s experiments with pexample, a plant from a green peaeas, for
lineage obtained from self of its ascendants through severalfecundatio n
generations was crossefecundation) with another plant from ad (cross (^)
yellow lineage also obtained by self
fecundation ofecundation through several gf ascendants. (The selfenerations (^)
of ascendants and the exclusive
obtainmedesired characteristicsnt of individuals with the ensured that th (^) e
individuals of the parental generation
were “pure”, i.e., homozycharacteristic.) gous for that



  1. What is monohybridism?
    Monohybridism is the study of only one
    characteristicindividuals (hybridization) f in the crossing oor thatf two p ure
    characteristic.

  2. Considering hybridization in
    a trait like the color of the
    flowers of a given plant
    species (red dominant/ yellow
    recessive) conditioned by a
    pair of different alleles, what
    are the phenotypical results of
    the first generation (F1) and
    the phenotypical results of the
    second generation (F2, formed
    by crossing among F1
    genotypes)? What are the
    phenotypical proportions in F1
    and F2?
    In relation to the hybridization genotypes and phenotypescomprises of: parental
    generation F1 generation (P): RR(RR x yy): (read), yy (yellow).Ry (red). F2
    generation (Ry x Ry): RR (red), Ry
    (red), Ry (red) and yy (yellow).
    In the F1 generation the proportion of
    red flowers is 100%. In the F2


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