Biology Questions and Answers
mitochondrial ribosomes and respiratory
enzymes can be found. Mitochonnumerous in eukaryotic cells and theydria ar e
are even more abundant in those cells
that usBecause e more energy, like muscle cthey have their own DNA, RNAells.
and ribosomes, mitochondria can self-
replicate.
- Why can mitochondria be
considered the power plants
of the aerobic cells?
Mitochondria are the “power plants”aerobic cells because within them the of
final stages of the cellular respiration
process occurs. Cellthe process of using organic molecular respiration isule (^)
(mainly glucose) and oxygen to produce
carbon dioxide and energy. The energyis stored in the form of ATP (adenosine (^)
triphosphate) molecules and later used
in other cellular mmitochondria the two last steps oetabolic reactions. If then
cellular respiration take place: the Krebs
cycle and the respiratory chain.
- What is the endosymbiotic
hypothesis about the origin of
mitochondria? What are the
molecular facts that support
the hypothesis? To which
other cellular organelles can
the hypothesis also be
applied?
It is presumeprimitive aerobic prokaryotes that werd that mitochondria were (^) e
engulfed in mutualism by primitive
anaerobic eukaryprotection from thotes, receivingese beings and (^)
offering energy to them. This hypothesis
is called on the origin of mitochothe endosymbiotic hyndria.pothesis
The hypothesis ismolecular evidence such strengthened by someas the fact that (^)
mitochondria have their own
independent DNA amachinery, with their ond protein synthwn RNA and esis
ribosomes, and that they can self-
replicate.
The endosymbiotic theory can be
applied to chlsupposed that these organelles woroplasts too. It is (^) ere
primitivebecause photosynthetic prthey have their own DNA, okaryotesRNA (^)
and ribosomes and they can self-
replicate too.
- What are the main
components of the
cytoskeleton?
The cytoskeleton is a network of very
small tubules anthroughout the cytoplasmd filaments distribute of eukaryoticd (^)
cells. It is made of microtubules,
microfilamefilaments. nts and intermediate
Microtua protein called bules are formed by molecules otubulin. Microfilaments f
are made of actin, thparticipates in the contraction ofe same protein that muscle
cells. Intermediate filaments are made
of protein too.
- What are the functions of
the cytoskeleton?
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