INDEX 379Hassan (Ali's son), 65, 68, 7I
Hassan Sabbah, I29-I31, I42
Hebrew language, 80
Henry the Navigator, Prince, 201-202
Herder, Johann, 279, 280, 283
Herf, Jeffrey, 350
Herzl, Theodor, 284, 32I
Hess, Moses, 32I
Hezbollah, 344
Hidden Imam, I84-I85, I86, 229,
341
Hijra, 22-24
Hind, 57
Hinduism/Hindus, 9, Il8, I25, I65,
I93-I94
Hisdai ibn Shaprut, I20
History of the Prophets and Kin%!
(Tabari), 34-35
Hulagu, I55-I56, I61, I72
Humanists, 205
Hume, David, Ill
Hundred Years' War (1337-I453), 2I2
Huns, 150
Huss, Johann, 207
Hussein
martyrdom, 68-70, 69(fig.), 71-72,
340
Shi'ism and, 70, ?I-72, 82, I87,
254
Hussein, Saddam, 331, 344-345, 346,
351-352
Ibn al-Athir, I61
Ibn al-Haytham, 2Il
Ibn al-Nafis, 2Il
Ibn Hanbal, 98, I05-I06, I64
Ibn Ishaq, 33-34
Ibn Khaldun, 5
Ibn Rushd (Averroes), Il2, 204
Ibn Sina (Avicenna), 102, 204, 2Il
Ibn Taymiyah, 16I-165, 249, 252
Idolatry, 9-IO, 30, 253, 254
ljma, 97, 263, 264
ljtihad, 97, 247-248, 267
11-Khan dynasty, 159
Imam
Hidden Imam, 184-185, 186, 229,
341
meaning, 70-71
Shi'ism and, 70-71, 82, I29,
I84-I85, I86, 340,341
Incoherence of the Incoherence, The (Ibn
Rushd), II2
Incoherence of the Philosophers, The
(Ghazali), Ill
Independence movements overview,
3I7-3I9
India
British rule, 233-235, 239-240,
257-259,262
bullet grease issue, 239
fragmentation of, 117, 23I
Great Indian Mutiny (1857-I858),
239-240,258,262
Hindu/Muslim relationship, 231,
239
independence, 3I8-3I9
Moghul Empire and, I91, I92,
I93-I94
trade with Europeans, 200, 2I8-2I9,
232-233
Indulgences of the Church, 208
Industrialization
China and, 270-271
Industrial Revolution/Europe,
269-270,272-273,274,276
Iran (after I840s), 276
Islamic world and, 270, 27I,
273-276
social context and, 270-276
women and, 274
lntifadas, 332