592 Index
Histograms
breaking into categories, 143–146
commands, 531–532, 558–559, 561
comparing, 144
creating, 138–141, 558–559, 561
defi ned, 138
of difference data, 248
distribution shapes, 141–143
multiple, 561
of random sample, 199–200
verifying ANOVA assumptions
using, 395–397
Holt’s method, 458
Home tab, 8
Homogeneity of variance, 258
Horizontal scroll bar, 7
Hypothesis testing, 236–239
acceptance and rejection regions,
234–235
additional thoughts, 239–240
control charts and, 492–493
defi ned, 232
elements of, 233
example of, 234
one-tailed, 235
p values, 235–236
two-tailed, 235
types of error, 233
I
Importing data
from databases, 68–75
from text fi les, 63–68
In control process, 490
Independence of residuals, testing
for, 332–335
Independent, 291
Independent variables, 314
Indicator Columns, Create,
command, 554
Indicator variables, 406–407
Individual charts, 509–512
command, 563
Inferential statistics, 129
Input sheet, 33
Inserting new data, 40–41
Insert tab, 8
Installing fi les, 2–3
Interaction plot, 417–419
Intercept, 314
Interquartile range, 151, 152,
165, 167
K
Kendall’s tau-b, 299, 306
Keyboard shortcuts, 7
Kurtosis, 162
L
Labeling data points, 107–109
command, 580
Lagged values
calculating, 438
defi ned, 438
scatter plot of, 438–440
Landmark summaries, 151
Law of large numbers, 184
LCLs. See Lower control limits
Least squares estimates, 316
Least squares method, 316
Legends, 100–102
Levene’s test, 258
Likelihood ratio chi-square, 298, 306
Linear model, 315
Linear regression. See Regression
Line chart, 84
Line plots, seasonality and use of,
468–470
Location parameter, 457
Lower control limits (LCLs), 490M
MAD. See Mean absolute deviation
Major unit, 100
Mann-Whitney test, 265–266
commands, 573–574
MAPE. See Mean absolute percent
error
Mathematical formulas, list of,
548–549, 583–584
Mathematical operators, 45–46
Mean, 154–158
comparing, 402–404
comparing with boxplot, 405–406
Mean absolute deviation (MAD), 451
Mean absolute percent error
(MAPE), 451
Mean Square (MS), 401
Mean square error (MSE), 450,
479–482
Means matrix command, 574–575
Means model, 393, 406, 410
comparing, 402–404
Measure of association, 297
Median, 154–158
Microsoft Query, 73
Mixed reference, 51
Mode, 156–157
Moderate outlier, 165
Modules, 30–31, 579
Moving averages, 445–448
command, 532–533
Moving range charts
command, 565
create, 512
defi ned, 510MS. See Mean Square
MSE. See Mean square error
Multiple correlation, 359–360
Multiple regression. See
Regression, multiple
Multiplicative seasonality, 462–463
Multivariate analyses, commands,
574–575N
Name box, 7, 51, 52
Names, range, 51
Navigation buttons, 11–12
Nominal variables, 130, 131
Noncontiguous range, 15
Nonparametric test
Mann-Whitney test, 265–266
to paired data, 250
Sign test, 253–255
to two-sample data, 265–266
Wilcoxon Signed Rank test,
250–253
Normal distribution, 193–196
defi ned, 193
of residuals, 331–332
Normal probability density
function, 193–196
difference data and, 249–250
functions with, 196–197
Normal probability plot, 201–205
command, 560
defi ned, 201
normal errors and, 370
residuals and, 331–332, 378–379
Normal score, 201
Null hypothesis [Ho], 233O
Observation, 190
Observed vs. predicted values,
363–366
Offi ce button, 7
One-parameter exponential
smoothing, 448–457
One-sample tests, commands,
569–572
One-tailed test, 235
One-way ANOVA, 393
regression and, 406–409
Or condition, creating, 61
Ordinal variables, 130, 131
custom sort order, 307–309
tables with, 302–309
testing for a relationship between
two, 303–307
Oscillating autocorrelation, 443,
444
Outliers, 164–165, 168