- 1 Politics Acknowledgements xix
- This chapter
- Politics in everyday life
- What is politics?
- Approaches to the study of politics
- Traditional scholarship
- Social science and politics
- Schools of political science
- Theories, models, paradigms
- Radical and postmodernist criticism
- Conclusion
- Recommended reading
- Websites
- 2 Systems
- This chapter
- States and societies
- Politics without the state: tribal societies
- Feudalism
- States without nations: kingdoms
- States without nations: empires
- Nations and states
- The nation state and sovereignty
- Politics between states
- Politics beyond the state: international institutions
- Multinational enterprises and ‘globalisation’
- Politics as a universal activity
- Recommended reading
- Websites
- 3 Concepts
- This chapter
- Human nature and politics
- Is the state necessary?
- Why should i obey the state?
- The nature of authority
- What is justice?
- Individualism versus collectivism
- Rights: natural, human, legal
- Equality
- Positive and negative freedom
- Analysing political concepts
- Recommended reading
- Websites
- 4 Ideologies
- This chapter
- Ideology
- ‘Right’ versus ‘left’
- The old right: monarchism
- The radical right: Nazism and fascism
- Marxism
- Leninism and Stalinism
- Other Marxisms
- Radicalism
- Radical theism – Catholic, Protestant and Islamic
- Ecology as political radicalism
- Feminism as political radicalism
- Liberalism
- Conservatism
- Thatcherism and neo-conservatism
- Christian democracy
- Socialism and social democracy
- Communitarianism and the ‘third way’
- Recommended reading
- Websites
- 5 Processes
- This chapter
- Political identity
- Political socialisation and political culture
- Localism, nationalism, religion and ethnicity
- Racial and ethnic conflict
- Dominance, assimilation and social pluralism
- Elites, classes and political pluralism
- Political change
- Coups d’étatand revolutions
- Terror and terrorism
- Class conflict in the twenty-first century
- Post-industrial politics: the information polity?
- ‘North’ versus ‘South’?
- Conclusion
- Recommended reading
- Websites
- 6 States
- This chapter
- Types of state
- Democracy, the welfare state and the market
- Forms of representative democracy
- Military autocracy
- Civil autocracy
- Totalitarian governments
- Nazi government
- Soviet government
- Islamic government – breaking the mould?
- Multi-level government
- European political institutions
- Local government
- Conclusion
- Recommended reading
- Websites
- 7 Democracy
- This chapter
- How can government be ‘democratic’?
- Participation and direct democracy
- Choosing rulers
- Electoral systems
- The executive
- The legislature
- The judiciary
- Constitutions and constitutionalism
- Rights and constitutions
- Pluralist policy making
- Corporatism
- Centralisation
- Political communication
- Political parties
- ‘Spin’ and political marketing
- The permanent campaign
- Interest groups
- The mass media
- The Internet
- Democracy and communication
- Recommended reading
- Websites
- 8 Policies
- This chapter
- Public policy problems and solutions
- The choice of social decision-making mechanisms
- The case for the market
- Problems of market decision making
- Voluntary organisation
- Rational policy making: bureaucracy
- Problems with ‘rational’ policy making
- Incremental decision making
- The policy process
- Implementing public policy
- Managing local public policy
- Multi-level governance
- Evaluating public policy
- Monitoring performance in public policy
- Evaluating policy outcomes: the distribution of wealth and income
- The political policy-making process
- A crisis in democratic politics?
- Taking political action
- Recommended reading
- Websites
- Appendix: sources on politics
- References
- Index
- 4.1 Classifying ideologies FIGURES
- 8.1 Levels of inter-organisational bargaining
- 8.2 Managing local public service provision
- 1.1 Definitions of ‘politics’ and ‘power’ BOXES
- 1.2 Assessing the use of methodology in politics
- 2.1 Definition of ‘state’
- 2.2 Definitions of globalisation
- 2.3 Globalisation – challenges to the nation state
- 3.1 Definitions of anarchism
- 3.2 Justice
- 3.3 Concepts of equality: summary
- 3.4 Definitions of freedom
- 4.1 Ideology as a political concept
- 5.1 Definitions of political socialisation
- 5.2 Political culture
- 5.3 Propositions from pluralist, elite and Marxist models of power
- 5.4 North v South: a major fault line in international relations?
- 5.5 Major political divisions
- 6.1 Republican, autocratic and totalitarian states
- 6.2 Capitalism
- 6.3 The welfare state
- 6.4 Forms of representative democracy
- 6.5 The principle of subsidiarity
- 6.6 Relations between levels of government
- 7.1 Political parties
- 7.2 Pressure or interest groups
- 8.1 Choice of social decision-making mechanism
- 8.2 Weber’s characteristics of bureaucracy
- 8.3 A rational–comprehensive model of decision making
- 8.4 Why organisations are not always rational
- 8.5 Hogwood and Gunn’s model of the policy process
- 8.6 Ten principles for reinventing government
- 8.7 The 3 ‘E’s: efficiency; economy; effectiveness
- 1.1 Major contemporary approaches to politics TABLES
- 2.1 Multinationals and countries compared
- 4.1 Attitudes to gender differences
- 5.1(a) Typical socialisation research findings: attitudes to president
- used sources of information about foreign people 5.1(b) Typical socialisation research findings: most popularly
- 5.2 Typical research findings: political culture
- 5.3 Summary: critics of pluralism
- 5.4 From public administration to information polity
- 6.1 The trend to democracy, 1974–2000
- 6.2 Parliamentary versus presidential systems
- 7.1 Political marketing and New Labour
- 8.1 Marketable wealth in Britain
- 8.2 World population below international poverty line (2001)
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