find has been made at any Indus Valley site—only
remains of the smaller native Indian horse.
Undoubtedly, certain Hindu traditions may
trace back to the Indus Valley civilization. Recent
research has shown that elements of Indus Val-
ley culture survived and spread in western and
central India several centuries after 1900 B.C.E.,
previously believed to be the end date for the
civilization. Additional research will probably
find more examples of continuities in Indian
traditions, particularly ceramic and pottery tradi-
tions. Cities did not emerge again in India until
800 B.C.E., so there is no reason to believe that the
historical cities owed their existence to this early
civilization.
Further reading: Bridget and Raymond Allchin, The
Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan (Cambridge
and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982);
B. B. Lal, The Earliest Civilization of South Asia: Rise,
Maturity, and Decline (New Delhi: Aryan Books Inter-
national, 1997); Gregory L. Possehl, The Indus Civiliza-
tion: A Contemporary Perspective (Walnut Creek, Calif.:
AltaMira Press, 2002).
Integral Yoga See AUROBINDO, SRI.
Integral Yoga Institutes See SATCHIDANANDA,
SWA M I.
Intercosmic Center of Spiritual
Awareness See MISHRA, RAMAMURTI.
Intergalactic Culture Foundation
(est. 1981)
The Intergalactic Cultural Foundation was
founded in Los Angeles in 1981 by Sri Swami
Shyam Paramahansa Mahaprabho, an Indian guru
with a mission to the United States. The founda-
tion was initially known as the Lovetrance Civili-
zation Center, but the name was changed in 1986
to reflect the institute’s new focus. Four sections
were created to advise students along specific
paths of spiritual aspiration, defined by personal
proclivities and strengths: the path of the heart,
the path of intellect, the path of action, and the
path of reflection.
The foundation has published prolifically. Its
periodicals include Hindu Digest, Golden India,
and Enlightenment Connoisseurs Newsletter. Their
publications catalog includes over 100 books, as
well as correspondence courses, videos, and audio
cassettes. Sri Swami Shyam has made speaking
and teaching tours across the United States and
has created the International Galactic Chronicles
lecture series. By 2002, Swami Shyam had pro-
duced 2,000 pages of his own commentary on
the Srimad Bhagavatam and 1,500 pages of his
viewpoints on Yoga Vasistha, Viveka Chudamani,
and the UPANISHADS, and 70 audio discourses on
the Bhagavat Katha.
The headquarters of the foundation in the
United States is in San Pedro, California. Inter-
national headquarters is in Rishikesh, India. A
number of electronic books are free.Further reading: Swami Prem, Galactic Chronicles Lec-
ture Program (Harbor City, Calif.: Aum Namo Bhagavate
Vasudevay, 1995); ———, What Is ILCC? (Hawthorne,
Calif.: Intergalactic Lovetrance Civilization Center,
1983); Swami Prem Paramahansa and His Message
(Hawthorne, Calif.: Intergalactic Lovetrance Civiliza-
tion Center, 1983); Who Is Swami Prem Paramahansa
Mahaprobho? (Hawthorne, Calif.: Intergalactic Love-
trance Civilization, n.d.).International Babaji Kriya Yoga
Sangam (est. 1951)
The International Babaji Kriya Yoga Sangam was
founded in Imperial City, California, in 1951 by
Yogi S. A. A. Ramaiah, who had inherited a South
Indian KRIYA YOGA lineage directly from Kriya
Babaji Nagaraj, the group’s official GURU. BABAJI isInternational Babaji Kriya Yoga Sangam 197 J