On Food and Cooking

savory amino acids and organic acids, and viscous glycerol. In old soleras, the acetic acid concentration can r ...

Chapter 14 Cooking Methods and Utensil Materials Browning Reactions and Flavor Caramelization The Maillard Reactions H ...

Steaming: Heating by Vapor Condensation and Convection Pan-Frying and Sautéing: Conduction Deep Frying: Oil Convectio ...

First, though, it’s good to consider an important transformation that foods undergo when they’re subjected ...

Caramelization The simplest browning reaction is the caramelization of sugar, and it’s not simple at all (p. 65 ...

Even more fortunate and complex are the reactions responsible for the cooked color and flavor of bread crusts, ...

new families of molecules and new aromatic dimensions (see illustration below, and box, p. 779). Representative ...

Both caramelization and Maillard browning proceed at a rapid rate only at relatively high temperatures. Ca ...

same foods cooked by “dry” methods — grilling, baking, frying. This is a useful rule to keep in mind. ...

base liquid for brewing beer, a water extract of barley malt that contains reactive sugars and amino a ...

Bitter (complex molecules) Onions, meatiness (sulfur compounds) Fruity (esters) Green vegetables (pyridines, pyrazines) Sh ...

foods to block these unwanted changes in color and taste. Second, the nutritional value of the foods is slightl ...

Forms of Heat Transfer Cooking can be defined in a general way as the transformation of raw foods into something ...

When thermal energy is exchanged from one particle to a nearby one by means of a collision or a moveme ...

— but by the vibration of individual molecules or a portion of the lattice, which is transferred to neighborin ...

— by means of conduction. Because the cellular structure of foods impedes the movement of heat ...

frequently. Convection: Movement in Fluids In the form of heat transfer called convection, heat is transferr ...

Radiation: the Pure Energy Of radiant Heat and Microwaves We all know that the earth is warmed by the sun. ...

these phenomena is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum, waves of varying energies created by the ...

kinds of radiation carry different energies, and the energy of a given kind of radiation determines the k ...