On Food and Cooking

Chapter 12

Sugars, Chocolate,

and Confectionery

The History of Sugars and Confectionery
Before Sugar: Honey
Sugar: Beginnings in Asia
Early Confectionery in Southwest Asia
In Europe: A Spice and Medicine
Confectionery for Pleasure
A Pleasure for All
Sugar in Modern Times
The Nature of Sugars
Kinds of Sugar
The Complexities of Sweetness
Crystallization
Caramelization
Sugars and Health
Sugar Substitutes
Sugars and Syrups