286 Notes
The concept of monism in Sufism is discussed at length by Molana Salaheddin
Ali Nader Shah Angha in The Fragrance of Sufism (1996). Ibn al-Arabi’s Fusus al-
Hikam is available in English as The Wisdom of the Prophets (1975). For more on
Rabia and other Sufi women, see Camille Adams Helminski, Women of Sufism
(2003), and Margaret Smith, Rabi’a the Mystic and Her Fellow-Saints in Islam (1928).
Rabia’s poems are nicely collected and translated by Charles Upton in Doorkeeper of
the Heart: Versions of Rabi’a (1988).
The best translations of Rumi include Colman Barks, The Essential Rumi
(1995), and the two-volume Mystical Poems of Rumi translated by A. J. Arberry
(1968); see also Reynold Nicholson’s Rumi: Poet and Mystic (1950). For more on
Rumi’s life see Annemarie Schimmel, I Am Wind, You Are Fire: The Life and Works of
Rumi (1992). For Hafiz see Nahid Angha, Selections (1991) and Ecstasy (1998). Gen-
eral treatises on Sufi poetry include Ali Asani and Kamal Abdel-Malek, Celebrating
Muhammad (1995), and J.T.P. de Bruijn, Persian Sufi Poetry (1997).
With regard to Sufism in India I suggest Muhammad Mujeeb, Indian Muslims
(1967) and Carl W. Ernst, Eternal Garden: Mysticism, History, and Politics at a South
Asian Sufi Center (1992). See also Bruce Lawrence, “The Early Chisti Approach to
Sama‘,” in Islamic Societies and Culture: Essays in Honor of Professor Aziz Ahmad, edited
by Milton Israel and N. K. Wagle (1983).
Iqbal’s quote is from Ali Shariati’s commentary, Iqbal: Manifestations of the
Islamic Spirit (1991). See also Muhammad Iqbal, The Reconstruction of Religious
Thought in Islam (1960).
- An Awakening in the East
Frederick Cooper’s description of the execution of the 26th N.I. infantry is
excerpted in Edward J. Thompson, The Other Side of the Medal (1925), though for
historical context and literary enhancement I have had to add a little bit to Cooper’s
account and rearrange the order of his narrative. Trevelyan’s comment to the House
of Commons is quoted in Thomas R. Metcalf, The Aftermath of Revolt (1964); see
also C. E. Trevelyan, On the Education of the People of India (1838). Benjamin Disraeli
and Alexander Duff are both quoted in Ainslee T. Embree’s collection 1857 in India
(1963). Bahadur Shah’s appeal to the Indian people is from the Azimgarh Proclama-
tion, printed in Charles Ball, The History of the Indian Mutiny (1860). For firsthand
accounts of the British response to the Indian Revolt see C. G. Griffiths, Siege of
Delhi (1912), and W. H. Russell, My Indian Diary (1957). Cecil Rhodes’s description
and quote are from The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2001.
For Sir Sayyid Ahmed Khan’s writings and views see his The Causes of the Indian
Revolt (1873), and his “Lecture on Islam,” excerpted in Christian W. Troll, Sayyid
Ahmed Khan: A Reinterpretation of Muslim Theology (1978). For more on the Aligarth,
see The Aligarth Movement: Basic Documents 1864–1898, collected by Shan Muham-
mad (1978). Moulavi Chiragh Ali’s quote is from The Proposed Political, Legal, and
Social Reforms in the Ottoman Empire and Other Mohammadan States (1883). For more
on Abu-l Ala (Mawlana) Mawdudi see Nationalism and Islam (1947) and The Islamic
Movement (1984).
For texts on colonialism in Egypt, see Joel Gordon, Nasser’s Blessed Movement
(1992); Juan R. I. Cole, Colonialism and Revolution in the Middle East (1993); and
William Welch, No Country for a Gentleman (1988). Al-Afghani’s life and works are
analyzed in Nikki R. Keddie, Sayyid Jamal al-Din “al-Afghani”: A Political Biography
(1972); M. A. Zaki Badawi, The Reformers of Egypt (1979); and Charles C. Adams,