Pelletier, Kenneth R., MD.The Best Alternative Medicine,
Part II, ‘‘CAM Therapies for Specific Conditions:
AIDS.’’ New York: Fireside Books, 2002. A useful
summary of the various dietary therapies that have been
tried in the management of HIV infection and AIDS.
PERIODICALS
Bartlett, John G. ‘‘Integrating Nutritional Therapy into Med-
ical Management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus.’’
Clinical Infectious Diseases36 (April 1, 2003): S51.
Grinspoon, Steven, and Kathleen Mulligan. ‘‘Weight Loss
and Wasting in Patients Infected with Human Immu-
nodeficiency Virus.’’Clinical Infectious Diseases 36
(April 1, 2003): S69–S78.
Highleyman, Liz. ‘‘Managing Nausea, Vomiting, and Diar-
rhea.’’Bulletin of Experimental Treatment for AIDS
(BETA), March 2002. Available online at http://
http://www.sfaf.org/treatment/beta/b50/b50nausea.html
(accessed April 4, 2007).
Mangili, A., D. H. Murman, A. M. Zampini, and C. A.
Wanke. ‘‘Nutrition and HIV Infection: Review of
Weight Loss and Wasting in the Era of Highly Active
Antiretroviral Therapy from the Nutrition for Healthy
Living Cohort.’’Clinical Infectious Diseases42 (March
15, 2006): 836–842.
Mondy, Kristin, and Pablo Tebas. ‘‘Emerging Bone Prob-
lems in Patients Infected with Human Immunodefi-
ciency Virus.’’Clinical Infectious Diseases36 (April 1,
2003): S101–S105.
Nerad, Judith, Mary Romeyn, Ellyn Silverman, et al.
‘‘General Nutrition Management in Patients Infected
with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.’’Clinical Infec-
tious Diseases36 (April 2003): S52–S62.
‘‘Position of the American Dietetic Association and Dieti-
tians of Canada: Nutrition Intervention in the Care of
Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infec-
tion.’’Journal of the American Dietetic Association 104
(September 2004): 1425–1441.
OTHER
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Divi-
sions of HIV/AIDS Prevention.Safe Food and Water.
Available online at http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pubs/bro
chure/food.htm (also available in Spanish).
Tufts University School of Medicine Nutrition/Infection
Unit.Food Choices When No Kitchen Is Available.
Available online at http://www.tufts.edu/med/nutri
tion-infection/hiv/health_no_kitchen.html (accessed
April 4, 2007).
Tufts University School of Medicine Nutrition/Infection
Unit.What to Do When Money for Food Is Limited.
Available online at http://www.tufts.edu/med/nutri-
tion-infection/hiv/health_limited_money.html
(accessed April 4, 2007).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Eating Defen-
sively: Food Safety Advice for Persons with AIDS.
Available online at http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/
aidseat.html (updated 2005; accessed April 3, 2007).ORGANIZATIONS
AIDS Education and Training Centers (AETC) National
Resource Center. University of Medicine and Dentistry
of New Jersey, 30 Bergen Street, ADMC 4, Newark, NJ- Telephone: (973) 972-6587. Website: http://
http://www.aidsetc.org/
AIDSinfo(U.S. Department of Health and Human Serv-
ices). P.O. Box 6303, Rockville, MD 20849-6303. Tele-
phone: (800) HIV-0440 (Spanish-language health
information specialists are available). Website: http://
aidsinfo.nih.gov/
American Association of Naturopathic Physicians (AANP).
4435 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 403, Washington,
DC 20016. Telephone: (866) 538-2267 or (202)
237-8150. Website: http://www.naturopathic.org.
American Dietetic Association (ADA). 120 South Riverside
Plaza, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60606-6995. Telephone:
(800): 877-1600. Website: http://www.eatright.org.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 1600
Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333. Telephone: (404)
639-3311. Website: http://www.cdc.gov/.
Dietitians of Canada/Les die ́te ́tistes du Canada (DC). 480
University Avenue, Suite 604, Toronto, Ontario, Can-
ada M5G 1V2. Telephone: (416) 596-0857. Website:
http://www.dietitians.ca.
HIV/AIDS Dietetic Practice Group (DPG) of the American
Dietetic Association (ADA). Website: http://www.
hivaidsdpg.org/
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Med-
icine (NCCAM). 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD - Telephone: (888) 644-6226. Website: http://
nccam.nih.gov.
Tufts University School of Medicine Nutrition/Infection
Unit. 150 Harrison Avenue, Jaharis 2, Boston, MA - Telephone: (617) 636-3811. Website: http://
http://www.tufts.edu/med/nutrition-infection/
U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 5600 Fishers
Lane, Rockville, MD 20857-0001. Telephone: (888)
INFO-FDA. Website: http://www.fda.gov/.
University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Center for
HIV Information. 4150 Clement Street, Building 16,
VAMC 111V-UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121. Tele-
phone: (415) 379-5601. Website: http://chi.ucsf.edu/
chi?page=home-00-00.
Rebecca J. Frey, PhDAlcohol consumption
Definition
Alcohol consumption is drinking beer, wine, or
distilled spirits such as gin, whiskey, or vodka, that
contains ethyl alcohol.Alcohol consumption