bureaucratic bourgeoisie 168, 270
bureaucratic-authoritarian state 121–4
bureaucratic-military oligarchy 115,
116, 119, 205, 216, 217
Burma 10, 23, 178, 194
Burundi 220, 275
Cambodia 275
Canada 12, 32
capital 14, 24–7, 29, 30, 32–3, 37, 40,
41, 75, 77–82, 86–92, 94–105,
107, 113–18, 120, 122, 123, 124,
127–32, 144, 146, 156, 165, 168,
182, 193, 205, 210, 213, 216, 220,
224, 227, 244, 262, 264, 277, 278
capitalism 22, 24–8, 30, 31, 39–41,
63, 88, 90, 91–7, 100, 102, 104–6,
110, 112–13, 117, 119, 129, 139,
142, 154, 169, 204, 244, 262
Caribbean 1, 15, 61, 237
cash crops 37, 38, 40, 116
caste 26, 36, 41, 112, 139, 153, 154,
155, 158, 201, 227
Catholic Church 62, 139
Central America 18, 228, 270
Central American Common
Market 18
Chad 173, 275
Chagga 116
Chama Cha Mapinduzi 145
Chile 90, 121, 122, 124, 178, 252,
254, 263, 266
China 12, 14, 18, 23, 72, 142, 145,
170, 236, 237, 238, 245, 247, 248
Chittagong 194
CIA 81, 189
civil liberties 1, 231, 251, 264, 267
civil society 113, 118, 119, 120, 121,
125, 126, 132, 133, 155, 171, 172,
189, 191, 220, 253, 254, 257, 258,
259, 267–9, 270–1, 276, 280
civil war 27, 192, 194, 216, 219, 220,
223, 240, 275
claimants 158, 215
class 19, 26, 35, 41–3, 60, 62, 63,
81–2, 91–3, 99, 101–4, 106, 108,
111–17, 120–3, 126, 127, 132,
138–40, 147, 155, 159, 163–4,
167–9, 172, 181–3, 193, 198,
204–5, 207, 208, 213–17, 224–8,
231, 235, 239–40, 242–3, 245–9,
252, 254, 257, 260–4, 270–1, 276,
280, 282
clientelism 120, 140, 152–5, 158,
171, 263, 268–9, 272, 280
cohesion, social 65, 112, 181,
187, 232
Cold War 12, 17, 18, 84, 190
Colombia 139, 192, 220, 240
colonial intervention 36, 37, 39
colonialism 1–2, 12–13, 22–3, 25, 28,
31, 33–4, 39, 41–3, 56, 60, 67–8,
75, 76–8, 80–1, 84–5, 86, 89, 95,
97, 99–100, 103, 108, 114–15,
142–3, 147, 160, 163, 169, 198,
200–3, 205–6, 208–82
colonies 16, 23–4, 26, 27–8, 30–3,
35, 39, 42, 76, 78, 86, 94, 96–7,
111, 142, 175, 281
communalism 26, 155, 203
communism 9, 138, 236
competition 13–14, 28, 30, 31–4, 95,
109, 115, 117, 121–2, 130, 132,
136, 139, 144, 148–9, 150, 152,
170, 172, 181, 201, 203, 208,
215–16, 221–2, 225, 232, 248,
251, 265, 274
comprador bourgeoisie 19
conflict 18, 22, 25, 33, 42–3, 54, 60,
62, 64–5, 104, 113–16, 121, 127,
130, 135, 141, 144, 150, 154, 158,
168, 178–9, 182, 190–1, 195–6,
202–3, 207–8, 210, 216, 219,
220–3, 225, 227–8, 232–3, 239,
240–3, 247, 249, 253, 257, 260,
275, 277, 280
Congo, Belgian 187, 206
Congress Party, Indian 152
conservatism 60, 158
continuity 44, 50, 62, 68, 85, 147,
149, 164, 202, 213
Costa Rica 9, 138, 228, 264, 267
Cuba 10, 222, 237, 245, 247
cultural division of labour 204
cultural heterogeneity 233
cultural patterns 47–8Index 311