Basic Mathematics for College Students

xiv Preface

Useful Objectives Help Keep Students

Focused

Each section begins with a set of

numbered Objectivesthat focus students’

attention on the skills that they will learn.

As each objective is discussed in the

section, the number and heading reappear

to the reader to remind them of the

objective at hand.

Thoroughly Revised Study Sets

The Study Setshave been thoroughly revised to ensure

that every example type covered in the section is

represented in the Guided Practiceproblems. Particular

attention was paid to developing a gradual level of

progression within problem types.

Guided Practice Problems

All of the problems in the Guided Practiceportion of

the Study Setsare linked to an associated worked

example or objective from that section. This feature

promotes student success by referring them to the

proper worked example(s) or objective(s) if they

encounter difficulties solving homework problems.

Perform each operation and simplify, if possible.See Example 1.

17. 
    
    
    
    18. 
        
    
    
    
    


18. 
    
    
    
    20. 
        
    
    
    
    


19. 
    
    
    
    22. 
        
    
    
    
    


20. 
    
    
    
    24. Subtract and simplify, if possible.See Example 2.
    
    
    
    


21. 
    
    
    
    26. 
        
    
    
    
    


22. 
    
    
    
    28. Perform the operations and simplify, if possible.See Example 3.
    
    
    
    


23. 
    
    
    
    30. 31.^1333  331  337 32. 5021  501 ^1350
    
    
    
    

11

24 

1

24 

7

24

19

40 

3

40 

1

40

 217 a 212 b  2521 a 259 b

 115 a 85 b  159 a 119 b

7

18 

5

18

11

20 

3

20

10

21 

5

21

11

15 

7

15

7

12 

1

12

3

8 

1

8

3

7 

1

7

4

9 

1

9

GUIDED PRACTICE 49. 50.

51. 
    
    
    
    52. Subtract and simplify, if possible.See Example 9.
    
    
    
    


52. 
    
    
    
    54. 
        
    
    
    
    


53. 
    
    
    
    56. Determine which fraction is larger.See Example 10.
    
    
    
    


54. 
    
    
    
    58. 
        
    
    
    
    


55. 
    
    
    
    60. 
        
    
    
    
    


56. 
    
    
    
    62. 
        
    
    
    
    


57. 
    
    
    
    64. Add and simplify, if possible.See Example 11.
        1 5 2 1 1 1
    
    
    
    

19

15 or^

5

4

23

20 or^

7

6

3

8 or^

5

12

7

9 or^

11

12

7

9 or^

4

5

4

5 or^

2

3

5

6 or^

7

12

3

8 or^

5

16

7

15 

5

12

11

12 

7

15

11

12 

11

30

9

10 

3

14

1

9 

5

6

4

9 

5

12

7

12 

3

8

1

6 

5

8

SECTION 3.

An Introduction to Fractions

Objectives

1 Identify the numerator and

denominator of a fraction.

2 Simplify special fraction forms.

3 Define equivalent fractions.

4 Build equivalent fractions.

5 Simplify fractions.

Whole numbers are used to count objects,such as CDs,stamps,eggs, and magazines.

When we need to describe a part of a whole,such as one-half of a pie, three-quarters

of an hour, or a one-third-pound burger, we can use fractions.

of a cherry pieOne-half Three-quarterof an hours One-third pound burger

Identify the numerator and denominator of a fraction.

A fractiondescribes the number of equal parts of a whole. For example, consider the

figure below with 5 of the 6 equal parts colored red. We say that (five-sixths) of the

figure is shaded.

I f ti th b b thftibi ll d th t dth

(^56)
1
1
3
3
4
1
2
(^1212)
3
54
(^76)
8
9
1011
d
Perform each operation.

69. 
    
    
    
    70. 
        
    
    
    
    


70. 
    
    
    
    72. 
        
    
    
    
    


71. 
    
    
    
    74. 
        
    
    
    
    


72. 
    
    
    
    76. 
        
    
    
    
    


73. 
    
    
    
    78. 
        
    
    
    
    


74. 
    
    
    
    80. 
        
    
    
    
    


75. 
    
    
    
    82. 
        
    
    
    
    


76. 209  301 84. 65  103

3

4 

2

5 

3

10

2

3 

4

5 

5

6

2

3 

1

6

11

12 

2

3

 167  41  2017  54

 207  51  85 ^13

7

9 

1

9 

1

9

12

25 

1

25 

1

25

1

4 

2

3

4

5 

2

3

 12 1 a 125 b  161 a 1615 b

TRY IT YOURSELF

Try It Yourself

To promote problem recognition, the Study Setsnow include a collection of

Try It Yourselfproblems that do notlink to worked examples. These problem

types are thoroughly mixed, giving students an opportunity to practice

decision making and strategy selection as they would when taking a test or

quiz.