Notes
Chapter 1 Sustainable and Ethical
1 See also Stern and Massengale’s seminal study ‘The Anglo-American Suburb’ (1981).
2 Relative to ‘certainties’ 6 and 10 Megan Howell (School of Planning, Auckland Uni-
versity) observed direct to me (2002) that ‘The fracturing of large states may not con-
tinue beyond the immediate future, particularly if globalization continues to erode the
relevance of the state’ and that ‘Some [large] corporations are already more powerful
than some [small] governments, and as global courts emerge corporations will find
more space to exercise that power’.
3 Unfortunately an urban majority New World population could not, it would seem, live
lightly and be also governedlightly!
4 Notably in suburbs where 40 per cent (US) to 70 per cent (NZ) of the population live
in fully detached houses.
5 For even ardent ‘greenies’ jet about wantonly.
6 It being necessary with both definitions to go along with the North American way of
understanding ‘indefinitely’.
7 The market is of course an acknowledged mechanism of utility provided the demo-
cratic parameters within which it operates are clearly ‘open’.
8 With reference to development law for any specified jurisdiction, the reader is advised
to consult the national updating service (now usually on-line) for planning and local
government management.
9 Also consult Krueckeberg’s (1995) ‘The Difficult Character of Property’.
10 Connections can be traced to John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham and the early creators
of the Model Industrial Town: Robert Owen, and Titus Salt (Britain), and Charles
Fourier (France).
11 Used, I imagine, in support of the notion of ‘general competence’ for the likes of bor-
rowing to finance land banking and similar initiatives.
12 This brought Friedmann (1987: 133) to observe that Lindblom presumes that ‘leg-
ally constituted persons are expected to pursue their self-interest aggressively’.
Friedmann’s rather dismissive assertion (from p. 133 of Planning in the Public Domain)
is that the claims for Lindblom’s model embodies four major assumptions: (1) Society
comprises ‘legally constituted persons [who] are expected to pursue their self-interest
aggressively’; (2) ‘The policy context is always normal times’; (3) ‘Access to power,
including information, is evenly distributed’; (4) ‘Society is not deeply divided over
issues of class, ethnicity, or any other matter.’
13 The North American article referred to was ‘The Ethics of Contemporary American
Planners’ prepared by Elizabeth Howe and Jeremy Kaufman (APA Journal, July 1979).