Index 323directives, global 88, 89 , 95, 286 n.15
discard dynamics 9, 11, 87–9, 90, 100,
184
disclosure 34
Discovery Guidelines 137, 181
dispersal v. nucleation 244
dispute resolution 53
Duany, Andreas 8 , 202–3, 224
Duncan, Nancy and James 216
Earth Sanctuaries (Australia) 153
Easter Island 115, 173 , 273–4, 274 , 287
n. 21
Easterbrook, G. 112
eco-tourism 175–7, 178 , 277
eco-villages 223–7
ecology:
as closed system 73, 80, 114–15
early studies 76–7
economics, socio-ecological 119, 120
economy:
change in scale 96–100, 96
green 182 , 183
local 109
neomodern 108 – 9
ecosystems:
and anthropocentrism 93
cost of degradation (Aust.) 79
urban 189–98, 244, 251
edge city, seeex-urbia
education, for conservation 89–90, 98 ,
102 , 115, 166, 274–6
EEC (European Economic Community)
81, 158
efficiency, and profit 40
Ehrenreich, B. 36
Ehrlich, Paul 273
EIA,seeEnvironmental Impact Assessment
elevator, and upward development
190
Elkington, J. 140
employment:
dynamics 277
job creation 122, 135–6, 145, 146 ,
181–3
and loss of job certainty 201, 277
and multiplier effects 121–4, 150, 173,
181, 272
neomodern 23 , 272
‘Shift and Share Analysis’ 132
empowerment 11, 12, 24, 44–5, 84, 88–9,
272
and radical planning 49, 59, 64, 68, 73
energy:
conservation 101–3, 102 – 3
efficiency 97, 185, 224, 226
geothermal 87–8
hydro-generated 99 , 106
photosynthesized 99 , 106
and population levels 93–6, 94 , 97, 102 ,
114
and soft pathways Matrix 110 – 11
solar 10, 99 , 102 , 106, 226, 261, 287 n.
23
suburban consumption 199, 217
tidal kinetic 106
wind 106
see alsofossil fuels
entertainment:
home-based 196
shopping as 193, 197, 251–7
television 195–6, 199
entropy 79–84, 86 , 88, 93 , 95, 103, 114–15,
166
environment:
and culture 76–7, 82
and degradation 93, 134
and performance sites 90
and sustainability 1, 14–15, 15
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
140 , 142–3
ethics:
canon for community transactions 31,
34–5, 34 , 37, 67, 257
commercial and guardian criteria 84,
86–7
conservancy and development 26–37
individual 81–2
and risk assessment 142
ex-urbia 16, 189–94, 223, 227–8, 260–1
building performance guidelines 212
definition 211
and growth pattern management
151–2, 156–63, 157
and shopping complexes 256
socio-environmental and economic costs
198–203
sprawl control 211–17
and utilities 194, 211, 216, 292 n. 27
see alsodensity