328 Index
market forces:
and free market 45, 79
and intervention 25–6, 34, 42
and sustainability 21, 45
and tourism 172, 178
Marsh, George Perkins 76, 77
Marx, Karl:
and determinism 77 , 78
and resource distribution 76, 77, 79
masculinity, and land ownership 16
Matrix, soft pathways 107–14, 108 – 11 ,
115, 183
and appropriateness 112
and balance 107–13, 118
and environmental quality 107, 113
Meadows, D. H. and D. L. 40, 79, 91,
93–4
mediation 68
planners as mediators 34, 61
methodology, soft systems (SSM) 64–5, 68
Meyer, A. 95
Milroy, B. M. 22
Mintzberg, Henry 68
Mixed Use Developments 191, 230–1,
242, 244, 245 , 248–9
mobility:
and suburbanization 189–91, 193,
227–8, 230
and water’s edge urbanization 221
Mollison, Bill 227
montage, periphery-to-city 156–7, 157 ,
189
morphologies, urban 202 , 204
multiplier mechanisms 120–4, 121 , 125,
134, 150, 173, 272
economic base multiplier 122–4
employment multiplier 124
Mumford, Lewis 60, 118 , 290 n. 2
Myerson, G., and Rydin, Yvonne 12
NAFTA (North American Free Trade
Agreement) 81, 88
National Parks 19 , 82, 152, 159, 172,
279nature:
balance 81 , 89, 100
and entropy 79–84, 88, 93 , 114–15
Judaeo-Christian attitudes to 75, 76
Marxist attitudes to 77
nature conservancy groups 153Nature Conservancy 153, 153
negative rights theory 27 , 34
negativity, and ‘new idea’ killers 66, 67
neighbourhoods 277
as basic planning unit 60, 73, 204–11
and ex-urbia 211–12
suburbs as 189, 191, 200–3, 208, 238–9
Traditional Development models 224,
230
neomodernism:
and development theory 17
and planning 20–6, 30, 45, 66, 69,
188–9, 263, 276
and sustainability 2, 13, 14–16, 22 , 59,
89
neotraditionalism (in eco-villages) 223–7
new urbanism 203 , 224–5, 224
New Zealand:
Economic Exclusion Zone (EEZ) 105
and growth management 292 n. 28
‘regulation of effects’ principle 289
n. 20
NGOs, and tourism 178, 179 , 180
Norgaard, R. B. 82, 84 , 88
Nozick, Robert 27 , 34, 66OECD nations:
and employment 182
and fossil fuel use 101
and planning outcomes 2
and rural income 152
and sustainable development 14, 45,
91, 116, 274
and urban pollution 90
Olwyn Green (NZ) 236, 236
open space, public 234–8, 240, 247, 250,
251
Oregon (USA), growth management 21,
158, 160–2, 163
Otway, H. J., and Fishbean, M. 143
outcomes 1–2, 41–7, 50, 53
delivery 257–60, 258 – 60
and developer and landowner interests
9, 66, 200
and ex-urban sprawl 212–13
and growth management 162–3
and radical planning 58, 59, 61, 63–5,
69, 73
and traditional-lineal planning 54, 56,
64