CHAPTER VIII. PERIOD OF THE RESTORATION (1660-1700)
us as cutting and revengeful, rather than witty. The best
known of these, and a masterpiece of its kind, is "Absalom
and Achitophel," which is undoubtedly the most powerful
political satire in our language. Taking the Bible story of
David and Absalom, he uses it to ridicule the Whig party
and also to revenge himself upon his enemies. Charles II
appeared as King David; his natural son, the Duke of Mon-
mouth, who was mixed up in the Rye House Plot, paraded
as Absalom; Shaftesbury was Achitophel, the evil Counselor;
and the Duke of Buckingham was satirized as Zimri. The
poem had enormous political influence, and raised Dryden,
in the opinion of his contemporaries, to the front rank of En-
glish poets. Two extracts from the powerful characterizations
of Achitophel and Zimri are given here to show the style and
spirit of the whole work.
(SHAFTESBURY)
Of these the false Achitophel was first;
A name to all succeeding ages cursed:
For close designs and crooked counsels fit;
Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit;
Restless, unfixed in principles and place;
In power unpleased, impatient of disgrace:
A fiery soul, which, working out its way,
Fretted the pygmy body to decay....
A daring pilot in extremity,
Pleased with the danger, when the waves went
high
He sought the storms: but for a calm unfit,
Would steer too nigh the sands to boast his wit.
Great wits are sure to madness near allied,
And thin partitions do their bounds divide;
Else why should he, with wealth and honor blest,
Refuse his age the needful hours of rest?
Punish a body which he could not please;
Bankrupt of life, yet prodigal of ease?