CHAPTER VIII. PERIOD OF THE RESTORATION (1660-1700)the work of Bacon and Hobbes, is the basis upon which En-
glish philosophy has since been built. Aside from their sub-
jects, both works are models of the new prose, direct, simple,
convincing, for which Dryden and the Royal Society labored.
They are known to every student of philosophy, but are sel-
dom included in a work of literature.^149
EVELYN AND PEPYS.These two men, John Evelyn (1620-
1706) and Samuel Pepys (1633-1703), are famous as the writ-
ers of diaries, in which they jotted down the daily occur-
rences of their own lives, without any thought that the world
would ever see or be interested in what they had written.
Evelyn was the author ofSylva, the first book on trees and
forestry in English, andTerra, which is the first attempt at a
scientific study of agriculture; but the world has lost sight
of these two good books, while it cherishes his diary, which
extends over the greater part of his life and gives us vivid
pictures of society in his time, and especially of the frightful
corruption of the royal court.
Pepys began life in a small way as a clerk in a government
office, but soon rose by his diligence and industry to be Secre-
tary of the Admiralty. Here he was brought into contact with
every grade of society, from the king’s ministers to the poor
sailors of the fleet. Being inquisitive as a blue jay, he investi-
gated the rumors and gossip of the court, as well as the small
affairs of his neighbors, and wrote them all down in his diary
with evident interest. But because he chattered most freely,
and told his little book a great many secrets which it were
(^149) Locke’sTreatises on Governmentshould also be mentioned,for they are of
profound interest to American students of history andpolitical science It was
from Locke that the framers of the Declaration ofIndependence and of the Con-
stitution drew many of their ideas, and evensome of their most striking phrases
"All men are endowed with certaininalienable rights"; "life, liberty, and the
pursuit of happiness"; "theorigin and basis of government is in the consent
of the governed,"–theseand many more familiar and striking expressions are
from Locke It isinteresting to note that he was appointed to draft a constitution
for thenew province of Carolina; but his work was rejected,–probably because
itwas too democratic for the age in which he lived.