CHAPTER X. THE AGE OF ROMANTICISM (1800-1850)it gives absolutely no impressions of reality. It was written
when Shelley, after his long struggle, had begun to realize
that the world was too strong for him.Alastoris therefore the
poet’s confession, not simply of failure, but of undying hope
in some better thing that is to come.
Shelley here looks forward, not back, to the Golden Age,
and is the prophet of science and evolution. If we com-
pare his Titan with similar characters inFaustandCain, we
shall find this interesting difference,–that while Goethe’s Ti-
tan is cultured and self-reliant, and Byron’s stoic and hope-
less, Shelley’s hero is patient under torture, seeing help and
hope beyond his suffering. And he marries Love that the
earth may be peopled with superior beings who shall sub-
stitute brotherly love for the present laws and conventions of
society. Such is his philosophy; but the beginner will read this
poem, not chiefly for its thought, but for its youthful enthu-
siasm, for its marvelous imagery, and especially for its ethe-
real music. Perhaps we should add here thatPrometheusis,
and probably always will be, a poem for the chosen few who
can appreciate its peculiar spiritlike beauty. In its purely pa-
gan conception of the world, it suggests, by contrast, Milton’s
Christian philosophy inParadise Regained.
Shelley’s revolutionary works,Queen Mab(1813),The Re-
volt of Islam(1818),Hellas(1821), andThe Witch of Atlas(1820),
are to be judged in much the same way as isPrometheus
Unbound. They are largely invectives against religion, mar-
riage, kingcraft, and priestcraft, most impractical when con-
sidered as schemes for reform, but abounding in passages of
exquisite beauty, for which alone they are worth reading. In
the drama calledThe Cenci(1819), which is founded upon a
morbid Italian story, Shelley for the first and only time de-
scends to reality. The heroine, Beatrice, driven to desperation
by the monstrous wickedness of her father, kills him and suf-
fers the death penalty in consequence. She is the only one of
Shelley’s characters who seems to us entirely human.