wouldn’t have felt.
Did changing to a growth mindset solve all my problems? No. But I know that I have a
different life because of it—a richer one. And that I’m a more alive, courageous, and open
person because of it.
It’s for you to decide whether change is right for you now. Maybe it is, maybe it isn’t.
But either way, keep the growth mindset in your thoughts. Then, when you bump up against
obstacles, you can turn to it. It will always be there for you, showing you a path into the future.
NOTES
CHAPTER 1. THE MINDSETS When I was a young researcher: his research was
conducted with Dick Reppucci and with Carol Diener. Through the ages, these alleged physical
differences: ee Steven J. Gould’s The Mismeasure of Man (New York: Norton, 1981) for a
history of how people have tried to explain human differences in terms of innate physical
characteristics. It may surprise you to know: lfred Binet (Suzanne Heisler, trans.), Modern
Ideas About Children (Menlo Park, CA: Suzanne Heisler, 1975) (original work, 1911). See also:
Robert S. Siegler, “The Other Alfred Binet,” Developmental Psychology 28 (1992), 179–190;
René Zazzo, “Alfred Binet,” Prospects: The Quarterly Review of Comparative Education 23
(1993), 101–112. “A few modern philosophers”: inet, Modern Ideas, 105–107. In fact, as
Gilbert Gottlieb: ilbert Gottlieb, “Normally Occurring Environmental and Behavioral Influences
on Gene Activity: From Central Dogma to Probabilistic Epigenesis,” Psychological Review 105
(1995), 792–802. Robert Sternberg: obert Sternberg, “Intelligence, Competence, and
Expertise.” In Andrew Elliot and Carol S. Dweck (eds.), The Handbook of Competence and
Motivation (New York: Guilford Press, 2005). A View from the Two Mindsets: his research was
conducted with Wenjie Zhao and Claudia Mueller. In fact, studies show: ee the fine work of
David Dunning. Recently, we set out to see: his research was conducted with Joyce Ehrlinger.
Howard Gardner: oward Gardner, Extraordinary Minds (New York: Basic Books, 1997). In a
poll of 143 creativity researchers: obert J. Sternberg (ed.), Handbook of Creativity (New York:
Cambridge University Press, 1999). Which mindset do you have?: hese measures were
developed with Sheri Levy, Valanne MacGyvers, C. Y. Chiu, and Ying-yi Hong.
CHAPTER 2. INSIDE THE MINDSETS Benjamin Barber, an eminent
sociologist: arole Hyatt and Linda Gottlieb, When Smart People Fail (New York: Penguin
Books, 1987/1993), 232. We offered four-year-olds a choice: his research was done with
Charlene Hebert, and was followed up by work with Pat Smiley, Gail Heyman, and Kathy Cain.
One seventh-grade girl summed it up: hanks to Nancy Kim for this quote. It’s another to pass
up an opportunity: his work was done with Ying-yi Hong, C. Y. Chiu, Derek Lin, and Wendy
Wan. Brain Waves: his research is being conducted with Jennifer Mangels and Catherine Good
and is supported by a grant from the Department of Education. It’s not just on intellectual
tasks: his research was carried out with Stephanie Morris and Melissa Kamins. Lee Iacocca had
a bad case: oron Levin, Behind the Wheel at Chrysler: The Iacocca Legacy (New York:
Harcourt Brace, 1995). Darwin Smith, looking back: eported in Jim Collins, Good to Great:
Why Some Companies Make the Leap... and Others Don’t (New York: HarperCollins, 2001),
- Albert Dunlap, a self-professed fixed mindsetter: lbert Dunlap with Bob Andelman, Mean
Business: How I Save Bad Companies and Make Good Companies Great (New York:
Fireside/Simon & Schuster, 1996); John A. Byrne, “How Al Dunlap Self-Destructed,” Business
Week, July 6, 1998. Lou Gerstner, an avowed growth mindsetter: ou Gerstner, Who Says